tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3211251351658180362024-03-07T01:06:43.969-08:00Science Crazyscience crazyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02765572300883014355noreply@blogger.comBlogger31125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321125135165818036.post-14184744339750732692010-12-13T19:34:00.000-08:002010-12-15T13:52:50.347-08:00AIDS = Aquired Immune Defficiency SyndromeAIDS is a disease which is caused by HIV - Human Immunodeficiency Syndrome - which has infected over 33 million people worldwide in 2010 and killed approximately 5% of its prey. The figure bellow shows how people living with HIV are spread around the world (source: wikipedia). <br />
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Before we start to get into the scientific discussion on this syndrome, we must understand the true meaning of the two terms mentioned above- HIV and AIDS. HIV is the virus which after entering the body will attack mainly the white blood cells of the body which are the human body's soldiers. The virus will feed off and use the energy of the host cell and eventually destroy it. So, the role of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus is to damage the Immune System of the human body - as quiet visibly seen in the name of the virus. To be more precise, the virus attacks the CD4 cells, which are immune cells. The normal concentration of these in a healthy body with a reliable and strong immune system is between 450 and 1200 in a cubic millimetre of blood. But as the virus attacks more and more of the CD4 cells, the immune system will become weaker and weaker and increasingly vulnerable to "opportunistic infections". <br />
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AIDS is known as the stage in which the concentration of the CD4 cells has fallen bellow 200 per 1 cubic millimeter of blood. This means that the body's defence system has become extremely weak and is literally an open target for any bacteria or virus that's floating past.<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-yYqcFccaGNoRxj5uCLGCzaD9_6sXrhtkztS8pnpRfpeZbEn0yJqOMEUkgF7WNrxY3rzZgMoh_HOia8ZIU1UCDVfrA426PX7TWKcOo8LC2uKsvu3sG1A221idAaoRbPKRXWt7Gci4OZHq/s1600/TB-HIV.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; cssfloat: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="138" n4="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-yYqcFccaGNoRxj5uCLGCzaD9_6sXrhtkztS8pnpRfpeZbEn0yJqOMEUkgF7WNrxY3rzZgMoh_HOia8ZIU1UCDVfrA426PX7TWKcOo8LC2uKsvu3sG1A221idAaoRbPKRXWt7Gci4OZHq/s200/TB-HIV.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>It usually takes 10 to 12 years on average after being infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus for the symptoms of AIDS to start showing up. But the mentioned figure can vary largely depending on the clinical situation of a person, the diet of the person, the race of the person or the age of the person. Those with other infections such as <a href="http://sciencecrazy1.blogspot.com/2010/12/tuberculosis-consuming-disease.html"><span style="color: blue;">Tuberculosis</span></a> are also at a higher risk. <br />
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The Human Immunodeficiency Virus can be spread in various ways which will be examined later on, but it's only logical to see where the virus originated from first. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the source of HIV has been tracked down to a specie of chimpanzee in Africa. Scientists believe that the chimpanzee's version of the Immunodeficiency Syndrome called the Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) was passed onto humans when they were hunted and eaten and therefore came into contact with the primate's infected blood. It is believed that the virus spread to the other countries of the world in the following decades. <br />
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<div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;">Now that we have a hypothesis on how the virus was derived, we can pay more attention to the methods through which the Virus - not necessarily the Syndrome - is transmitted. HIV can be transmitted through sexual relations, misuse of syringes, unsafe and un-sterilized dental procedures or clinical injections, unsafe tattooing and even through being bitten by a person infected with the virus. HIV can be passed on from mother to child during breastfeeding. It must be kept in mind though that HIV cannot be transmitted through water, saliva, tears, handshakes, mosquitoes or sharing eating tools ie spoons, forks, plates,...</div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><a href="http://www.scienceguardian.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/world-aids-day-ribbon.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; cssfloat: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="185" n4="true" src="http://www.scienceguardian.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/world-aids-day-ribbon.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>To understand the symptoms caused by AIDS we must realize that what the HIV does is weakening the immune system and therefore killing the body's soldiers. In this case, bacteria, viruses and fungi can affect the patients body dramatically. The systematic symptoms to infection such as weight loss, fever, sweating and weakness may be observed. Also, the body becomes vulnerable to many cancers such as the immune system cancer called lymphomas and others such as Kaposi's sarcoma. <br />
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There is no vaccine nor cure for HIV or AIDS and the best solution is to prevent the virus from entering the body. If a patient is diagnosed with HIV, an antiretroviral treatment can take place. Again this is not a publicly available solution and the hunt for better methods must continue.science crazyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02765572300883014355noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321125135165818036.post-14928104580474149132010-12-11T00:51:00.000-08:002017-10-09T19:02:03.028-07:00Tuberculosis: a consuming disease<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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This essay will be an overlook of the disease that has reached out to one third of the world's population and affected millions of people; some relevant to the media-attracted ear include Niels Abel and Edward Baker Lincoln son of Abraham Lincoln. </div>
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Tuberculess bacillus or Tuberclosis or TB was once known as "consumption" as literally one's body will be consumed by the bacteria which cause this disease. The main cause of TB is a bacteria from the myobacterium family. The bacteria enters the body through inhaling infected air and therefore enters the body through the gate of the Respiratory System. When these bacteria have entered the lungs they can multiply and cause a local inflamation or infection which is known as pnemonia. </div>
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The body will respond to this unwanted guest by isolating the bacteria and not allowing them to spread throughout the body. The immune system does this by forming scar tissue in a process known as fibrosis around the bacteria to bloak the passages. These scar tissues may harden over time due to calcification of the tissue by the calcium floating in the blood stream. This state of the disease is called Primary or in-active TB. People with in-active tuberculosis, will not experience the range of symptoms experienced by those suffering active TB and will also not be infectious- meaning cannot distribute the disease.</div>
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But this natural immunization won't hold back the myobacterium forever. If the immune system of the body weakens due to cancer, other clinical diseases, drugs capable of affecting the immune system such as medications for arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease, the bacteria will break free and spread around the body. This is a much more vast and effective operation as the immune system is literaly switched off. This state of the disease is called active TB. Some symptoms of this active state of tuberculosis include night sweats, weakness, tiredness, weightloss and fever. If the inflamation and infection in the lungs becomes more severe, coughing, chest pain, coughing up sputum (matter emmited from the lungs) or even blood as well as shortness of breath can be experienced. If the bacteria spread to other organs of the body, depending on the specific organ being attacked, further symptoms may unveil. </div>
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Now that we have talked about the different types of tuberculosis, their source and symptoms, let's have a glance at how TB can be prevented, distinguished and treated. <br />
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It is important to know that 8 million people are added to the long list of the "TB affected" anually. It is estimated that about 10-15 million people are suffering TB just in the U.S. The only way this disease can be passed on is via air particle transmition. Of course there are a few factors that can increase the vulnerability of a person in regards with TB. Some of these factors may include alcohol and drug intake, poor immune system, diabetics, those with AIDS, and also some races. Unlike AIDS which is transmitted via contact, TB is transmitted only if infected air particles are inhaled. And because noone is aware of the clinical situation of all the surounding people and noone can detect if the atmosphere is TB infected or not, anyone can fall in the footpath of TB. <br />
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But the search for vaccines had started as early as the early 19th century and even untill now, many countries use the BCG vaccination programme when a child is born. The BCG aids the body very weakly in terms of TB and although it can prevent minor damage, it is not a reliable programme. But studies are taking place and new and much more effective vaccines are on the verge of flowing through the body of the public; such as the MVA85A. <br />
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TB is caused by a bacteria and if diagnosed on time, can be dealt with by using antibiotics over a stretched period of time. If any of the symptoms above take place or you just want to make sure you are free of this disease, a skin test can be taken. A fluid - tubercullin - is injected into the skin of the forearm and after 2 or 3 days the amount of swelling around the area is examined. Further examinations will involve X-ray images that will show exactly where the bacteria have attacked and if the TB is at an active or in-active state. </div>
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science crazyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02765572300883014355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321125135165818036.post-79506658277082898952010-12-08T16:41:00.000-08:002010-12-08T16:47:58.132-08:00Katydids sing for lunch!Cicadas are small insects found in many parts of the world but largely in Australia. There are about 2500 species of cicadas. There are many facts that can be discused about this tiny creature but this essay pinpoints on the cicadas mating strategy and an interesting twist discovered by cicada experts Dave Marshal and Kathy Hill of the University of Connecticut. <br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.saltthesandbox.org/cicada_hunt/5-27-CicadaClusterLrg.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="282" n4="true" src="http://www.saltthesandbox.org/cicada_hunt/5-27-CicadaClusterLrg.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;">Male cicadas have very loud "noise makers" called <em>tymbals</em> on the sides of their abdominal base. Unlike in grasshoppers in which the sound is created through stridulation (rubbing of one body part against another), the sound created by male cicadas is due to the contraction and relaxing of the muscle obn their abdominal base. The sound created can be as simple as a "click" or very complicated and including a chorus. So only male cicadas have "sound makers" but both the sexes have "sound detectors" called <em>tympana</em> which are literally the cicada's ears. An interesting note is that male cicadas have the capability to "disable" their earing instruments when they are creating a sound. This is a very useful strategy because cicada sounds are the loudest among all insects. If the cicada were laid on a human's shoulder - close to the ear - and created a sound, the human would be permanatly deaf. Some of the notes created by cicadas are so high pitched that the human ear can't even detect. (pictured above is a group of cicadas)</div><br />
When a male cicada is looking for "love", he starts creating a sound. It is timely to mention that each specie of cicada has a unique type of sound; this aids the female cicada in detecting whether the male cicada calling out is her type or not. Cicadas love heat and "sing" their most spirited "songs" in the hotter days of the year. <br />
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If the female cicada responds to the song of the male cicada, that's a sign that he has been chosen. The singing and responding will continue untill the male finds the female cicada. <br />
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Researcher such as Hill and Marshall have found that snapping your fingers can attract the attention of the male cicada. But it is all in the timing. The female cicada responds to the male's signal in about 70 miliseconds which means seven hundredth of a second. If the timing is right, the male cicada will be fooled. <br />
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So, what's the twist?<br />
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On a journey which led Marshal, Hill and Max Moulds to Queensland, Australia, the researchers came upon a very interesting note. After hearing the reply of ehat seemed to be a female cicada, one of the researchers tracked down the source of the sound and was amazed at what he observed. The source of the reply wasn't a female cicada but a well camouflagued Katydid. <br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.cirrusimage.com/Orthoptera/Katydid_Conocephalus_2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="256" n4="true" src="http://www.cirrusimage.com/Orthoptera/Katydid_Conocephalus_2.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>Katydids or Bush-crickets are an excelent example of mimicry and camouflague. As seen in the example above, the katydid mimics the sound of a female cicada in order to attract the male cicada towards itself and gobble it up. (pictured above is a katydid)<br />
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The researcher also foreshadowed that "Captive Katydids respond to almost any sharpand short sound, like the clik of two coins or even the sound of a car's indicator."<br />
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<u>Reference: New Scientist magazin, 26 September 2009, page 44-7 visit:</u> <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/">http://www.newscientist.com/</a>science crazyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02765572300883014355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321125135165818036.post-34702830605218121202010-11-28T13:25:00.001-08:002010-11-28T13:35:05.814-08:00Human Cloning ... Yes or No?<div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;">Science is a two-edged sword. There’s no question about that. On one hand there’s research on the cure for cancer, Alzheimer’s etc. and on the other hand there are activities taking place on poison gas, nuclear weapons and genetic engineering. A Persian poet, Saei, stated that ”One with knowledge has a greater capability to cause harm; just as a thief with a torch will cause a greater damage.” In the modern world, improvement and development of science and technology is accelerating extremely rapidly; but what are the boundaries? What are the limitations? </div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><br />
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A keen development of the 20th century is genetic modification. It has grown so much and holds so much potential that a tertiary course by the name of “Genetic Engineering” has been tagged on to it. The means of this branch of science is to alter an individual’s genes to enhance the quality of competency in life. Genetic engineering can be practiced on all living organisms but the main focus of this essay is the different views on human genetic engineering or more specifically, human cloning. <br />
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<div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;">The proponents of human cloning state that cloning is no more un-natural than binary fission, the method in which bacteria reproduce to produce identical copies of themselves; and it is no more un-ethical than giving birth to identical twins. Just as identical twins have exactly the same genome yet may grow up with different personalities; so in cloning where the genes between the original specimen and the cloned specimen are identical, the cloned specimen might have different characteristics due to being produced in a different time period. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjG1MXXFxzzxP7W134Q9H9ZwfIcsnPUrng0G2VlNWxrVnpDbLtUbRPGe_TJjn2t5B4OB4p2lbbtBzvZqrvejJ-vOwROjhdYOZpMiRgcOjysS-HVniiiDewPFrZP9HRzLuF65Q_KfH4nvPAM/s1600/human+cloning.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="223" ox="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjG1MXXFxzzxP7W134Q9H9ZwfIcsnPUrng0G2VlNWxrVnpDbLtUbRPGe_TJjn2t5B4OB4p2lbbtBzvZqrvejJ-vOwROjhdYOZpMiRgcOjysS-HVniiiDewPFrZP9HRzLuF65Q_KfH4nvPAM/s320/human+cloning.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><br />
</div>The opponents of human cloning state that human genetic engineering is morally, ethically, religiously and practically unsound. They believe that human cloning can lead to the impairing or ruining of one’s individuality, the decrease in the diversity of the human gene pool and the unnatural growth of the world’s population due to the ease of reproduction. Also, many religions object to human cloning, proclaiming that it is “playing God”. <br />
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The fact is that, what separates humans from other living organisms is the power to think and the power to decide. For example, when an animal wants to defend itself from a predator, it puffs its hair, creates sound, stomps and shows its claws; never has an animal defended itself using a sword or gun. A human being is always on the verge of experimenting and inventing to make life a more smooth and relaxing ride. This shows that only a human being is capable to decide based upon thinking. Though the power of thinking and decision of a human being is extremely precious and useful, the boundaries which are set by factors such as one’s religion and culture must also be obeyed. <br />
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From the Bible’s point of view, human beings are created in the image of God and are unique and individual. Human cloning denies this rule by impairing or destroying this individuality. In addition, if humanity were to be created through cloning, there must be a creator. In the case of human genetic engineering, the creator would be a human being. According to the Bible, God is the only one who rightfully exercises sovereign control over human life. To attempt to control such things is to place oneself in God’s position. Clearly, man is not to do this. Other religions such as Islam also hold a similar opinion towards human cloning. <br />
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Imagination sometimes overrules knowledge; this causes a visionary view of the future and often leads to development and improvement. But this factor should never overrule the boundaries and limitations set for a human being.science crazyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02765572300883014355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321125135165818036.post-26354726899336549752010-11-09T20:36:00.000-08:002010-11-25T19:01:41.614-08:00The Giant red-headed Centipede: a crawling dragonWhen the words centipede and milipede strike one's ears, the mind's engine will display results of tiny, slow and harmless creatures with many legs. Well, this essay will provide a completely different side to these creatures generally refered to as Myriapoda s. <br />
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The Giant red-headed centipede is a subspecies of the Giant desert centipede and is truley giant, reaching lengths of 10 inches, or 25 centimeters. The Giant red headed centipedes are sometimes referred to as "the devil's head"; this is because of the color designition of the different body segments of the centipede. The top few segment are red and the rest are all black. The legs are yellow. <br />
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These creatures are mostly found in the USA and Mexico and being moisture dependent, choose moist habitats. Even in deserts they rely on moisture and are found in cracks in woods and beneath rocks near ponds. The females hatch eggs to reproduce and wind themselves around the eggs for prottection.<br />
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The dining menu of these predators consists of moths, toads, snakes and other vertebrates. They capture and kill their prey by stunning them and killing them using their poison domes situated in thebasal section of their fangs, also called <em>maxillipeds</em>. The video bellow is a short documentary which also portrays the hunting abilities of a giant red headed centipede.<br />
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</div><div class="separator" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; clear: both; text-align: justify;">In the mid 1920s, Dr. Baerg tested the effect of the venom by inducing a centipede to bite one of his little fingers, leaving the fangs inserted for about four seconds. The bite was followed by a sharp and strictly local pain, which began to subside noticeably after about 15 minutes. In about two hours the pain was only very slight, but there was a general swelling in the finger. Three hours after the bite, most symptoms had disappeared. What some do for science ! It has been stated by a famed arthopod scientist, J. L Cloudsely that "centipedes seem to exert a weird fascination on the morbid appetites of the hysterical and insane."</div><div class="separator" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; clear: both; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; clear: both; text-align: justify;">When the animal is irritated, a poison is created at the base of each of its legs and inserted into the source of irritation. The toxins in the venom cause wounds and swelling and if inserted in critical areas of the body, such as the chest, can eventually lead to death. </div>science crazyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02765572300883014355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321125135165818036.post-48325307940390156892010-09-28T21:34:00.000-07:002017-10-09T19:05:21.184-07:00The Kiwi bird<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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The kiwi is a deliscious green fruit but this essay is about the native New Zealand bird. Before the arrival of humans in New Zealand, very few species of animals existed in the small pacific island. So it is known that the kiwi hasn't originated in New Zealand. It was for sometime thought that the Kiwi's closest family is the Moa but later on DNA examinations have been carried out and the results show that the Moa's genes are much more alike the Ostrich of Africa while the genes of the Kiwi are more simmilar to that of the Australian Emu. So it is thought that the Kiwi is a import of the neighbouring country. </div>
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Meanwhile, the Kiwi is a proud representative of its country. The figure is seen on the coins, on military badges and the name is also tagged on many companies and organizations. </div>
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During the Second World War, the phrase "kiwi" was used to refer to the New Zealander soldiers and nowadays the term is used much more vastly to replace the word "new zealand". </div>
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Kiwis are classified as ratites, a category of flightless birds, and are found in 5 main species, all of which are endangered. The species and some of the characteristics are shown in the table bellow: </div>
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<span lang="EN-NZ">Specie Name<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-NZ">Weight<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-NZ"><o:p> Habitat</o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-NZ">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-NZ"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Spotted_Kiwi" title="Great Spotted Kiwi"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none;">Great Spotted Kiwi</span></a> (Roroa)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-NZ">45 cm<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-NZ">3.3 kg<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placename w:st="on"><span lang="EN-NZ">North</span></st1:placename><span lang="EN-NZ"> <st1:placetype w:st="on">Island</st1:placetype></span></st1:place><span lang="EN-NZ"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-NZ">2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-NZ"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Spotted_Kiwi" title="Little Spotted Kiwi"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none;">Little Spotted Kiwi</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 2cm;" valign="top" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="EN-NZ">25 cm<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-NZ">1.4 kg<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placename w:st="on"><span lang="EN-NZ">Kapiti</span></st1:placename><span lang="EN-NZ"> <st1:placetype w:st="on">Island</st1:placetype></span></st1:place><span lang="EN-NZ"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-NZ">3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-NZ"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rowi" title="Rowi"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none;">Rowi</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 2cm;" valign="top" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="EN-NZ">23 cm<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-NZ">1.2 kg<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-NZ">North & South Island<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<tr> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 19.6pt;" valign="top" width="26"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="EN-NZ">4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-NZ"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokoeka" title="Tokoeka"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none;">Tokoeka</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 2cm;" valign="top" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="EN-NZ">44 cm<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-NZ">3.2 kg<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<st1:place w:st="on"><span lang="EN-NZ">South Island</span></st1:place><span lang="EN-NZ"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-NZ">5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-NZ"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Island_Brown_Kiwi" title="North Island Brown Kiwi"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none;">North Island Brown Kiwi</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-NZ">40 cm<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-NZ">2.5 kg<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<st1:place w:st="on"><span lang="EN-NZ">North Island</span></st1:place><span lang="EN-NZ"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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A interesting fact in regards with the physical features of kiwis is that on average, females tend to be slightly heavier and bigger than the males!</div>
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Kiwis prefer living in habitats such as beech forests and sub tropical temperate areas but due to the existence of so many mammalian predators, they are forced to inhabit a wider range of location such as mountain areas. </div>
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These birds are nocturnal in the wild but in sanctuaries where the fright of predators isn't existent, they are seen in daylight as well. </div>
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The dining menu of a kiwi is a fairly wide list, consisting of seeds, invertebrates, grubs, crayfish, fruit and sometimes small amphibians. The nostrils of a kiwi are placed at the tip of the beak unlike many other birds. This makes it easy to eat worms under the ground without seeing or sensing them and rather by smelling them. Kiwis are aided with very strong sense of smell but a rather week sense of sight. </div>
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Kiwis are one of the exceptions in the birds category that doesn't have a preen gland. Preening is the compressed word for personal grooming and a preen gland is a gland which secretes a type of waxy material which acts as both a water resistant layer and a anti-parasite layer. Too bad!</div>
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Once bonded, the male and female kiwi stick live the entire life together as monogamous couple, meaning owning one partner in regards of marriage and reproduction. Loyal birds! </div>
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It takes about a month for a completely developed egg to form in the female kiwis body. During this time, the female must eat 2-3 times the amount which she usually consumed but in the last few days prior to the laying of the egg, the egg will have taken up so much space that the female's stomach won't have enough room to host any food, meaning she must fast!<br />
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Speaking of eggs, the egg of a kiwi is a greenish whitish color and can weigh up to a quarter the weight of the female kiwi.And being approximately the same size as an average chicken, the kiwi egg is about 6 times bigger than a chicken egg. To add up this piece of information, the kiwi bird has the largest egg out of all birds in comparison to its body size. </div>
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Anyway, after the egg is laid, both the male and the female will take care of the egg. Again, very loyal. The Great spotted kiwi is the only exception which leaves all the responsibilities on the female's shoulders. The incubation period is about 2 months. </div>
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The Maori once hunted the kiwi bird as a food source and to make ceremonial cloaks but now consider themselves the guardians of the flightless bird and only use the feathers of the killed kiwis rather than the hunted ones; meaning those killed in road accident, etc. </div>
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science crazyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02765572300883014355noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321125135165818036.post-21047638699630233852010-09-08T22:53:00.000-07:002010-09-08T22:53:05.439-07:00My new puppy: Maple<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1n7IRJM4KPKm4bGLwPbedu4CepldV2gNqzxFMlC0WnDKPfEqfnJ2LtkgnQqXT6sqmE7yifpdIArhq4hH0YJcPrFA3dr6YNJR8KvAvmnYW56y1upBYg2md80lPVgvubWliu8XIMvyL51tx/s1600/DSC02760.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1n7IRJM4KPKm4bGLwPbedu4CepldV2gNqzxFMlC0WnDKPfEqfnJ2LtkgnQqXT6sqmE7yifpdIArhq4hH0YJcPrFA3dr6YNJR8KvAvmnYW56y1upBYg2md80lPVgvubWliu8XIMvyL51tx/s400/DSC02760.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjN0LCgcx-owMLDae6pYgwNFu7qafQ4MKhS7hww7WKh-eYtxKuRVF6lnHDXg2dxCXqgxV270LYAm-Fh_c90y_AH7IVal2URHhmAYl3PuXpX6OWJcwJl9H6BQYMEzJkepNXBe8QLIV_ksaOE/s1600/DSC02763.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjN0LCgcx-owMLDae6pYgwNFu7qafQ4MKhS7hww7WKh-eYtxKuRVF6lnHDXg2dxCXqgxV270LYAm-Fh_c90y_AH7IVal2URHhmAYl3PuXpX6OWJcwJl9H6BQYMEzJkepNXBe8QLIV_ksaOE/s400/DSC02763.JPG" width="400" /></a>science crazyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02765572300883014355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321125135165818036.post-7732030184922691512010-06-21T22:59:00.000-07:002017-10-09T19:08:30.795-07:00Excess Weight: the symptoms & do-s and donnot-s<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span lang="EN-AU">Every person, according to his/her physical features, should have a specific weight. This specific amount is calculated with the beneath formula: </span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<b style="color: #20124d;"><span lang="EN-AU">(Body Mass Index = BMI) = Mass/Height</span> ² </b><o:p></o:p></div>
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The normal amount is around 25 <o:p></o:p></div>
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25 to 30 : Overweight <o:p></o:p></div>
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30 + : Obesity<o:p></o:p></div>
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A few of the diseases leading from excess weight include: </div>
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<b>1) Diabetes:</b><o:p></o:p></div>
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Extra weight can be a trigger of diabetes, especially type 2 = Melitus. Diabetes type 2 is the disorder of the body not being able to use insulin effectively. In Diabetes type 2 the body can’t control the blood sugar levels and problems in the kidney, eye and heart can occur in response<o:p></o:p></div>
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Statistically, overweight people are twice as likely two have diabetes type 2. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<b>2) Heart Problems: </b><o:p></o:p></div>
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The heart is the body’s pump. Imagine a water pump in an apartment; take the water pump for the heart in the body and the pipes as the vessels. After many years, some things will start sticking to the walls of the pipes and this will narrow the water pathway. This means that if the households want the same amount of water, they need to turn the water pump up a notch so that it will work harder. <o:p></o:p></div>
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The same thing happens in our body when fats such as cholesterol and triglyceride stick to the vessel walls. Overall, it causes the blood pressure to fly into the skies. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU"><b>3) Joint and Bone Disorders: </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU">Osteoarthritis usually happens on the joint of the knees, hips and lower back. Due to being put under pressure, the cartilages wear away. Gout is also a joint disorder caused by high levels of uric acid in blood. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU">There are many other problems and disorders roaming around and searching for the right case to knock out. And the interesting point is that they are linked with one another, so try to avoid them and fight them with the few methods mentioned bellow: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU">1)<span style="color: blue;"> <b>Physical Activity</b>:</span> “<b>Think of exercise as a food group in your diet”<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU">2) Munch up colourful <span style="color: red;">FRUITS</span> and <span style="color: lime;">VEGETABLES</span>: vitamins, no/low cholesterol, antioxidants, fiber.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU">3) Cut down on SALT, SUGAR and BUTTER.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b>4) </b><span lang="EN-AU"><o:p>Some people believe: </o:p></span><i>"The only way to keep your health is to eat what you don't want, drink what you don't like, and do what you'd rather not."</i> -Mark Twain. But I believe that this is the correct statement:<b> “Try not to think of certain foods as ‘off limits’; </b> <b>Think <span style="color: #cc0000;">smaller portions</span>!”</b> <o:p></o:p></div>
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<b>5) Drink an <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placetype w:st="on">ocean</st1:placetype> of <st1:placename style="color: blue;" w:st="on">WATER</st1:placename></st1:place>: hydration, filteration<o:p></o:p></b></div>
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<b>6) Eat more healthy carbohydrates and whole <span style="color: #4c1130;">GRAINS</span>: long lasting energy, protect against coronary heart disease, certain cancers, and diabetes. beans, potato, bread,…</b> <b><o:p></o:p></b></div>
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<b>7) <span style="color: magenta;">FIBER:</span> Feel full faster and longer, keeps blood sugar stable; beans, oat, fruits, vegies,…<o:p></o:p></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU">8) Low consumption of BAD OILS. But enough of the <b><span style="color: #0b5394;">GOOD OILS</span></b>:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<u><span lang="EN-AU">plant oils</span></u><span lang="EN-AU"> like canola oil, peanut oil, and olive oil, as well as</span><b><span lang="EN-AU"> </span></b><u><span lang="EN-AU">avocados</span></u><span lang="EN-AU">, <u>nuts</u> (like almonds, hazelnuts, and pecans) and <u>seeds</u><b> </b>(such as pumpkin, sesame), fish oils, corn, walnut. <b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU">9) Focus on quality sources of <span style="color: orange;">PROTEIN</span>, like fresh fish, chicken or turkey, eggs, beans or nuts.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b>10) “It's not just what you eat, it's HOW you eat” Take time to <span style="color: #741b47;">CHEW</span> your food</b>, <b><span style="color: #741b47;">Listen</span> to your body: It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so <span style="color: #990000;">eat slowly.</span><o:p></o:p></b></div>
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<b>11) Eat breakfast, and eat <span style="color: #073763;">smaller meals</span> throughout the day.<o:p></o:p></b></div>
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<b>Here are some statistics on Excess Weight:</b></div>
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<li>Over 58 million Americans are overweight; </li>
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<li>Over 40 million Americans are obese </li>
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<li>More than 80% of Americans do not engage in adequate physical activity; </li>
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<li>More than one quarter of all Americans are considered to be "completely sedentary" </li>
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<li>More than 85 percent of all diabetes cases are due to obesity and being overweight; </li>
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<li>More than 70% of all heart-related disease is heavily correlated with being overweight and/or obese; </li>
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<li>Almost 45% of all breast and colon cancer cases are heavily related to obesity and/or being overweight; </li>
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<li>More than 30% of all gall bladder operations are caused by obesity and/or being overweight; </li>
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<li>More than one quarter of all obese people have hypertension (high blood pressure); </li>
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<li>Only 4 percent of children were considered obese in 1982. Now, more than 30% are. </li>
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<li>More than one quarter of all obese children are showing symptoms of the development of Type 2 diabetes mellitus; </li>
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<b>References:<o:p></o:p></b></div>
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<b><a href="http://www.healthy_eating_diet.htm/" target="_parent">1) www.healthy_eating_diet</a><a href="http://www.healthy_eating_diet.htm/" target="_parent">.</a><a href="http://www.healthy_eating_diet.htm/" target="_parent">htm</a><o:p></o:p></b></div>
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2) http://ezinearticles.com/?Obesity-Statistics---The-Facts-Presented-by-Modern- Research- on-Obesity&id=1919602</div>
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science crazyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02765572300883014355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321125135165818036.post-30833844452590360652010-06-12T08:00:00.000-07:002012-11-04T19:56:47.352-08:00Professor Hesabi: a glance at the incredible life<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Mahmoud Hessaby was born on the 23 February 1903 in Tehran. Both his parents, Goharshad and Abbas were from the beautiful city of Tafresh, located in central Iran. He is the second child of his family, having an older brother only a year above him. </div>
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He married at a high age, 47, to Sadigheh Haery and has two fruits in his colorful and vivid life: Iraj (the older son) and Anoosheh (his beloved daughter). Before the world fare welled this extraordinary man on behalf of his pure spirit and accomplishments, he also had the pleasure of seeing his two grandchildren: Parishad and Parsa. </div>
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Prof. Hessaby has been merited university degrees in the fields of Persian Literature, Mathematics, Astronomy, Biology, Law, many branches of Engineering and finally settled with a Doctor of Philosophy in Physics. Prof. Hessaby is the only Iranian student of the mighty Proffesor Einstein and has been tagged the "Father of Physics", "Father of Modern Engineering" and "Father of Modern Science" in his country. No wonder some refer this man as a "polymath". </div>
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Now that we've had an overall view of Prof. Hessaby's amazing achievements, let's have a closer look at his childhood. </div>
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The miraculous story starts when Mahmoud is only 4 years old. "one day, early in the morning my grandfather," recalls Prof. Hessaby in a book written by his son, Iraj, "who was a very high rated person in politics, came to our house. He told my father that he has to go to Shamat, which in those days included the current Syria and Lebanon, in order to take on the role of the Consol at the Iranian Embassy. The Consulate was located in the capital of the land, Beirut and my father had made up his mind for our whole family to move there. </div>
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"Although I was very young at that stage, I still remember the negative sense and feeling in my mother". </div>
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Professor Hessaby's mother, Goharshad, was a very loyal and faithful woman and he paid her great respect all through his life. She taught Professor Hessaby religious believes and customs and literature, so that he had memorized the Quran (Islamic Holy book) and Divan Hafez (the collection of Hafez's poems) completely and was familiar with Boostan and Golestan of Saadi, Ferdoosi's Shahnameh, and Molavi's Masnavi. </div>
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Perhaps, it was due to these early preparations that Mahmoud Hessaby graduated with a Bachelor's Certificate in the field of Persian Literature at the age of 17. </div>
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Of course in those days the means of travel wasn't a 747 airbus or a luxurious bus or train. These trips were concurred by foot and as many dangers laid in the way, a "team" of companions were also paid to come along. This team included a few men with guns and a few men who were called "chavooshi"s. </div>
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The "chavooshi"s had a good voice and sang a song according to the mood of the passengers and the condition of the trip. This relieved the passenger's tiredness and also helped keep a co-ordinate rhythm in the movement of the horses/camels. The "chavooshi"s and the armed men, stayed up all through the night, to guard the camping area and alert the others of any possible danger.</div>
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Anyhow, after a period of over a year, stopping in a few cities on the way, they reached Beirut. After about a year or so in the capital of Shamat, Professor Hessaby's father decided to return to Iran in order to receive a higher rank and position. So Mahmoud, his mother and brother were left in the house they had been given at the Consulate all alone. </div>
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But fortunately, the Consulate had a very nice and trustworthy keeper who was also the guard and lived along with his family in a small house in the far corner of the Consulate yard. He was also from Tafresh and became a very close family friend. </div>
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Meanwhile, back in Tehran, Professor Hessaby's father had found a way to reach his wishes. He had met and married one of the women in Shah's (the ruler of Persia in those days) close family. Prof. Hessaby's father, Abbas, asks his new wife to grant a higher rank for him from Shah; she accepted but also sets a harsh condition which was, Abbas's first wife and two children must be wiped out of his life. </div>
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Any <i>normal</i> "father" would never dare do such a thing to his children and wife but this one was too much into wealth and rank that he attempted this mission three times consequently but with the great sacrifices of Prof. Hessaby's mother, and god's will, the three pigeons managed to push life along. </div>
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In the first attempt, Abbas had cut the wage he used to send every month for his family and also ordered for them to be kicked out of the Consulate home. So for a few years, their situation in Beirut was terrible, so that Prof. Hessaby's mother sold her jewelry and other precious belongings to be able to buy the daily requirements. The Consulate guard was also great help; especially from the day which Prof. Hessaby's mother had a sudden stroke and so became paraplegic. </div>
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The third time that Mahmoud Hessaby's father had attempted to dissolve his family members, he persuaded his first wife to come along with him to Tehran for a short while. His aim was to separate the children from their mother. </div>
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The first part of the voyage was taken by ship and at one stage, Goharshad realized the evil plan of his husband and smacked her head to a metal column of the ship, due to which great bleeding was resulted. And with this amazing sacrifice, she got off the ship and returned to her two precious sons back in Beirut. </div>
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"Although my mother was in a very bad situation, she had made up her mind to send us to school. But with which money? Anyhow, with a lot of help from Ali, the Consulate guard, my brother and I were enrolled in a Christian School in Beirut under specified circumstances."</div>
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"I was 17 years old when I received my Bachelor's degree in Persian Literature at the French University of Beirut, but there was no descent workplace to be employed at. It was in those days which I met a French doctor who had come to Beirut to construct a laboratory. I became very interested in his work and decided to study Biology. So at the age of 19, I graduated from the same university and started working with the Frenchman. But, in those days no one believed in a "laboratory" or "hospital", neither the patients nor the doctors and specialists."</div>
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"One day, I was at a restaurant with my new colleague and he proposed that for someone who is earning money for a family, this work won't do and its better to get employed by a French company."</div>
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"So, I was about 22 years old when I graduated from the American University of Beirut in the field of Civil Engineering and was employed by a French industry. In my first assignment, I was sent to a very far off place. The weather was harsh, there were wolves and other wild animals in the area and worst of all I had to sleep in a tent every night. I always lit a fire before I slept at nights for warmth and protection, and those nights which there was heavy rain or wind, I lit it inside the tent and would leave the tent door open a slight bit to be able to take in some air. It was one of these nights that a Malaria mosquito stung me. My situation was getting worse and worse by the day until one of the workers brought help from town and with some medications I was back up and rolling." </div>
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Now that we are on the topic of diseases, let's take a look at the few disorders which Prof. Hessaby was hooked on to other than Malaria: Prostate, Myocardial problems and Pneumonia. In regards with his eyes, he had Cataract and wore number 13.5 Myope glasses as his eyes were very weak. He had been prescribed to purchase glasses at an early age but considering their situation, they couldn't afford it and so his eyes became weaker as the years passed. </div>
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Although, Prof. Hessaby involved himself in different sports and exercises, such as mountain climbing, soccer, cycling and swimming – by the way, he became an approved lifeguard in his youth. </div>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjB0JV7s0AmlsZoEEhMhFX_5JEKQsL-uF-wOToFTrQS7pchydsi8muXfjJ-qkisjOVja5ZzAYdya-jnI0z01CfiRIttkDz-wxPFOEgwPXVli41EdWkyDosKylBifAM9HljNhkeXsSFAoCwS/s1600/_s_pic05.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjB0JV7s0AmlsZoEEhMhFX_5JEKQsL-uF-wOToFTrQS7pchydsi8muXfjJ-qkisjOVja5ZzAYdya-jnI0z01CfiRIttkDz-wxPFOEgwPXVli41EdWkyDosKylBifAM9HljNhkeXsSFAoCwS/s320/_s_pic05.jpg" /></a></div>
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Prof. Hessaby's son, mentions in his book that "My father was confident and fluent in a few languages other than his mother-language, Persian: French, English, Arabic, Italian, Greek, Latin, Turkish, German and also a few historic languages of Persia. In regards with German, he studied every night for 38 years until he became completely skilled. </div>
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Overall he had great determination …." </div>
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Mahmoud Hessaby recalls in the book of "Master of Love" that, "after I was completely cured from Malaria, I finished the mission I'd been given and then I was promoted to an executive role for the same company in Paris. So my mother, brother and I moved to the beautiful French capital." </div>
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"The conditions for me and my brother were fortunately all set and so both of us started studying in the field of Law. The experiences I gained in this stage aided me a lot in the conferences I attended later in life."</div>
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"But I still looked for a more challenging field, so I went towards Mathematics and graduated after 2 years." But still his inner magnet of science wasn't convinced and pulled this mighty mind towards Astronomy and started working at a research center in the French Alps."</div>
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The next field of study he decided to undertake was Electrical Engineering which he studied at the École Superieure d'Electricité and graduated in 1925. </div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwXIE-3mdpz-Dxcv9LnnPsyNrWUL3Rd5xIo6kXkqjIl6iNfpFRMnkTMNLJ-OQchyxes0UoDAMGmk48BMTWmHkK7h7DmHjmgeaYiX2G3p10RebsvgVJH9ew6Q8AxeSiNxUtRqO718T0fb-t/s1600/Professor_Hesabi_at_Hospital.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="153" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwXIE-3mdpz-Dxcv9LnnPsyNrWUL3Rd5xIo6kXkqjIl6iNfpFRMnkTMNLJ-OQchyxes0UoDAMGmk48BMTWmHkK7h7DmHjmgeaYiX2G3p10RebsvgVJH9ew6Q8AxeSiNxUtRqO718T0fb-t/s200/Professor_Hesabi_at_Hospital.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>
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You might be wondering why someone would jump from field to field and not just specialize a single area of science. Prof. Hessaby's son also expresses his astonishment and surprise in this regard in the book, "..no wonder my father wears such thick glasses; it’s a result of his tremendous studying and determination. Can someone do such thing with out<span style="color: #073763;"> love</span>?" </div>
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And perhaps it was due to this love that even as he was lying on the hospital bed in Geneva in his last moments of life and at the age of 89, he held a book in his hands. </div>
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Professor Hessaby explains this as his sense of curiosity, "In life, the amount a person knows in comparison with the amount he doesn't is like a droplet in a vast ocean. Time rolls and stops for no one, so it's regretful to waste time. Its only when one studies that she/he realizes its importance and value." </div>
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"Art and skill is the spice of life." he quoted.</div>
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Anyhow after his graduation in Electrical Engineering, he was employed by the French National Railway and started working in the Electric Locomotive Maintenance Department. </div>
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"I thought to my self that this field isn't proper for a "curios" person,…" so with the guidance of one of the world's famous physicists, Professor Fabry, he started studying Physics. After Prof. Fabry saw the results of Mahmoud Hessaby's pre-screen test, he said – as mentioned in the book: "You have a very scientific personality and I think you'll do great in this field."</div>
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And so he did. </div>
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Now that the topic of Physics is on the line, it's worthwhile to have a look at the list of physicists which Prof. Hessaby had been in contact with. Great scientists such as Schrödinger, Bohr, Fermi, Born, Dirac and of course Prof. Einstein. </div>
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Now, let's take a brief glance at the meeting with Prof. Einstein. Prof. Hessaby had been appointed to meet Prof. Einstein at the Princeton University for discussing his theory of “Infinitely extended particles”. </div>
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Professor Einstein's reaction by hearing this theory was great but thought it needed more work so appointed Mahmoud Hessaby a laboratory in order to build on his project. </div>
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Anyhow, after a few years of investigation and experimentation, he presented his results for Prof. Einstein and so the theory of Infinitely extended particles became approved by the leading physicist of the world. It was following this approval that France's highest rated scientific medal, the medal of the Commandeur de la Légion d'honneur was merited to Prof. Hessaby. The medal of the Officier de la Légion d'honneur has also been awarded to this incredible scientist due to his amazing scientific efforts. </div>
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After his theory was confirmed, Prof. Hessaby returned to his home country, Iran and continued his scientific and later on executive and political efforts. </div>
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Mahmoud Hessaby closed his eyes to the world he had lived in and spectacularly enriched, on the 3 August 1992 in the Geneva Cardiac Hospital but as requested, was buried in motherland, Tafresh.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhz144YbWMHu3Y_B8b17GpcdfpofkvmeNrXNmjYeQr19VCm5xgE_5tKLFx9uz_vIpQGxXMrA5BK9Z_RISm9rvltRUuAjTeq7kS38kqJUSi_SGd5mYiSSHhGgpPwGVIIEHt7mFvKuZ-fdREm/s1600/_s_pic23.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhz144YbWMHu3Y_B8b17GpcdfpofkvmeNrXNmjYeQr19VCm5xgE_5tKLFx9uz_vIpQGxXMrA5BK9Z_RISm9rvltRUuAjTeq7kS38kqJUSi_SGd5mYiSSHhGgpPwGVIIEHt7mFvKuZ-fdREm/s400/_s_pic23.jpg" width="303" /></a></div>
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The main resource of this essay is the book of Master of Love – in Persian – written by Prof. Hessaby's son, Iraj and first published in 2002. </div>
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So I think it's a good idea to conclude this essay using the last paragraph of this remarkable book:</div>
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"I lay foot and after a short drive, I reach Tafresh. I sit beside Professor Hessaby's grave and look back to all the efforts, morality and pure soul and spirit of this astonishing character. I take a look back over my shoulder at the horizon, in the hope of the rise of more Hessabys." </div>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijc28TOV7DsGE14cjd-MTSHEXf5dtvX9jO_wRXHqPxF5Vc3mnk-Fi-FwsIlUeLHCSvIuaQSSTW71TGNw17ve5SZprdfjoCrkuDHqP3YBv0ryo0lH03c65fABaGI6qzplQvPHpJtODisKAC/s1600/DSC09283.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" px="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijc28TOV7DsGE14cjd-MTSHEXf5dtvX9jO_wRXHqPxF5Vc3mnk-Fi-FwsIlUeLHCSvIuaQSSTW71TGNw17ve5SZprdfjoCrkuDHqP3YBv0ryo0lH03c65fABaGI6qzplQvPHpJtODisKAC/s320/DSC09283.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
(the above photo is of me - Parham - in front of the sign which points to Tafresh, Professor Hesabi's home town and the location of his tomb.) </div>
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<b>The following points are according to the Dr Hessaby Institute, directed by his son, Iraj:</b></div>
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<b style="color: purple;">1)</b> His accomplishments:</div>
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• Founding the Highway Engineering school and teaching there from 1928</div>
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• Survey and drawing of the first coastal road-map between Persian Gulf ports</div>
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• Founding the "teachers college" and teaching there from 1928</div>
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• Construction of the first radio-set in Iran (1928)</div>
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• Construction of the first weather-station in 1931</div>
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• Installation and operation of the first radiology center in Iran in 1931</div>
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• Calculation and setting of Iranian time (1932)</div>
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• Founding the first private hospital in Iran (Goharshad Hospital) in 1933</div>
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• Writing the University carechair and founding Tehran University (1934)</div>
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• Founding the Engineering school in 1934 and acting as the dean of that school until 1936 and teaching there from then on</div>
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• Founding the faculty of science and acting as its dean from 1942 to 1948</div>
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• Commissioned for the dispossession of British Petroleum Company during the government of Dr Mossadegh and appointed as the first general manager of the National Iranian Oil Company</div>
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• Minister of Education in the cabinet of Dr Mossadegh from 1951 to 1952</div>
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• Opposing the contract with the consortium while in the Senate of Iran in 1954</div>
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• Opposing the membership of Iran in CENTO</div>
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• Founding the Telecommunication Center of Assad-Abad in Hamedan (1959)</div>
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• Writing the standards charter for the standards Institute of Iran (1954)</div>
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• Founding the Geophysical Institute of Tehran University (1961)</div>
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• Title of distinguished professor of Tehran University from 1971</div>
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• Founding the atomic research center and atomic reactor at Tehran University</div>
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• Founding the atomic Energy center of Iran, member of the UN scientific sub-committee of peaceful use of member of the international space committee (1981)</div>
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• Establishment of Iran's space research committee and member of the international space committee (1981)</div>
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• Establishment of the Iranian music society and founding the Persian language Academy</div>
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<b style="color: purple;">2)</b> Key publications</div>
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• Hessaby M, Model of an Infinite Particle, JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE ET LE RADIUM 18 (5): 323-326 1957</div>
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• Souchay P, Hessaby A, Confirmation et Nature de Faibles Acidites des Acidites Periodique et Tellurique, BULLETIN DE LA SOCIETE CHIMIQUE DE FRANCE 20 (6): 614-621 1953</div>
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• Hessaby A, Souchay P, Etude des Periodates et Tellurates de Lithium, BULLETIN DE LA SOCIETE CHIMIQUE DE FRANCE 20 (6): 606-614 1953</div>
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• Souchay P, Hessaby A, Existe-T-IL des Sels Basiques Dargent, BULLETIN DE LA SOCIETE CHIMIQUE DE FRANCE 20 (6): 599-606 1953</div>
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• Hessaby M, Theoretical Evidence for the Existence of a Light-Charged Particle of Mass Greater than That of the Electron, Physical Review, Vol. 73, Issue 9, p. 1128 (1948). APS</div>
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• Hessaby M, Continuous Particles, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 33, No. 6, pp. 189-194 (1947).</div>
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• Hessaby M, Continuous Particles, Proceedings of the American Physical Society, Minutes of the Meeting at Montreal, June 19-21, 1947,</div>
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<b style="color: purple;">3)</b> Research and Writing</div>
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His research and writings included: </div>
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<i>Cultural</i></div>
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• The Hessaby Dictionary</div>
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• Dictionary of Iranian Names</div>
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• Articles for the Establishment of the University of Tehran-1933</div>
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• Treatise on "Our Path"-1935</div>
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• Physics textbook for first year in high school-1939</div>
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• Minutes of the meeting of the National Academy of Science-1947</div>
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• Rules for the University of Tehran Budget-1961</div>
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• The New Physics and the Philosophy of Ancient Percia-1963</div>
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• Genealogical Tree of the Hessaby Family-1967</div>
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• The Power of the Persian Language- 1971</div>
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• "Complete Poetical Works of Hessaby", from the 17th century-1975</div>
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• "Roots of Persian Words"-1989</div>
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• "Specialized Terms in Physics"-1961_1990</div>
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• Dictionary of "French Verbs-Persian Verbs"</div>
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• "The how of Iranian History"</div>
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• Research on and Interpretation of the Poetry of Hafez</div>
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• Research on the "Golestan" of Saadi</div>
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• Research on the Poetry of Baba Taher</div>
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• Research on the "Shahnameh" of Ferdowsi</div>
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• "In Memory of Albert Einstein" on the occasion of his death (1955)</div>
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Scientific</div>
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Books</div>
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• "Electrodynamics"</div>
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• "Electric Eye"</div>
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• "Viewpoint in Physics", University of Tehran, 1961</div>
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• "Magnetic Eye", University of Tehran, 1966</div>
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• "Solid State Physics", University of Tehran, 1969</div>
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• "Quantum View" University of Tehran, 1979</div>
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Other</div>
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• Doctoral dissertation "Sensitivity of Photoelectric Cells", Sorbonne University Press, 1927</div>
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• Thesis in "The Interpretation of Dubrois Waves", in French, 1945</div>
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• "Structure of Essential Particles of the Nucleus of an Atom in Einstein's Theory of Relativity", Princeton University, 1946</div>
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• Article on "Connected Particles", National Academy of Science, U.S., 1947</div>
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• "The Effect of Matter on the Path of Light" as co-researcher at the Nuclear-science Institute, Chicago, 1947</div>
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• "The Correction of Newton's Law of Gravity". "Maxwell's Law of the Electromagnetic Field" 1947</div>
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• "The Effect of Matter on the Path of Light and the Deviation of Light Waves on the Surface of Matter", Nuclear Science Institute, Chicago, 1947</div>
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• "The Deviation of Light Waves in the Presence of Matter", research at the University of Chicago, 1948</div>
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• Continuation of research on "The Structure of Essential Particles of the Nucleus of an Atom", University of Tehran; laboratory research on "The Transmission of Light through Matter" College of Science, University of Tehran - Thesis on "The Theory of the Diffusion of Infinite Particles", University of Tehran, 1997</div>
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• Research on the formula for the Law of Gravity</div>
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• Research on the formula for the Law of Electrical Attraction</div>
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• Research on the formula for the Law of the Electromagnetic Field</div>
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• Research on the breakage of light near solid matter</div>
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• Research on lasers</div>
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• Research on nuclear magnetic resonance</div>
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<b style="color: purple;">4)</b> Institutes which Prof. Hessaby studied at:</div>
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1) Childhood and early youth: his mother, Goharshad</div>
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2) The Christian French School, Birut, Lebanon</div>
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3) American College of Beirut, Lebanon</div>
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4) American University of Beirut, Lebanon</div>
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5) French University of Beirut, Lebanon</div>
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6) University of Paris, France</div>
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7) Sorbonne University, France – alongside Prof. Fabry</div>
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8) Princeton University, America – alongside Prof. Einstein</div>
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science crazyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02765572300883014355noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321125135165818036.post-36378191466509843892010-05-21T00:22:00.000-07:002017-10-09T19:16:29.058-07:00Kangaroo: the Australian Boxer<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Kangaroos are herbivorous marsupials which are native to <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">Australia</st1:country-region></st1:place>. A famous myth which explains where the name of this animal is derived from, is as so: Captain Arthur Cook (the explorer who first found <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">Australia</st1:country-region></st1:place>) and a fellow explorer of his were searching the area when they saw a kangaroo. They asked a native of that area (an Aboriginal) for the name of the creature. The person said something which has been recorded as “Kangaroo” or “Kangaru” which in the aboriginal language means “I don’t understand what you are saying”. Captain Cook took this response as the name of the creature and so it was named “Kangaroo”.</div>
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<b>There are <span style="color: blue;">four</span> main species of Kangaroo. The table bellow displays the names as well as their habitat:</b></div>
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<b>Specie name<o:p></o:p></b></div>
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<b>Habitat<o:p></o:p></b></div>
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<b>Other information<o:p></o:p></b></div>
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Red Kangaroo</div>
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The arid and semi-arid <st1:place w:st="on">Central Australia</st1:place></div>
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-Up to 2 meters tall</div>
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-Up to 90 kilograms</div>
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Eastern Grey Kangaroo</div>
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The fertile <st1:place w:st="on">Eastern Australia</st1:place></div>
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Western Grey Kangaroo</div>
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-Southern part of <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:state w:st="on">Western Australia</st1:state></st1:place></div>
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-<st1:place w:st="on"><st1:state w:st="on">South Australia</st1:state></st1:place></div>
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-Up to 54 kilograms</div>
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Antilopine Kangaroo</div>
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<st1:place w:st="on">Northern Australia</st1:place></div>
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Note: From top to bottom the specie’s physical feature (height and weight) decreases. </div>
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Male kangaroos are called <i>bucks, boomers</i> or <i>jacks, </i>females are called <i>flyers </i>or<i> jills </i>and young ones are called <i>joeys</i>. A group of kangaroos is called a <i>mob, troop</i> or <i>court</i>. These marsupials have large and powerful hind legs, large feet which are adapted for leaping and a long and muscular tail which aids kangaroos in keeping balance. The tendons (rope like feature which attaches the bone and muscle) of the hind legs of kangaroos are long and stretchy and can store a lot of elastic energy. This reduces muscle involvement and effort when leaping. </div>
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<b>Like other Marsupials, female kangaroos have pouches which are also called <i style="color: red;">marsupium</i>. After a gestation period of approximately 31 to 36 days, a very small joey which has only somewhat developed forelimbs makes its way into the pouch. It will stay in the pouch for about 9 months for the postnatal development to complete. The joey will feed off its mother’s milk during the 9 months in the pouch and about 9 months after it comes out. </b></div>
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A female kangaroo is always pregnant which means that a new born can exist while a joey is still in the pouch. In these situations the female has the ability to pause the development of the new born (or embryo as it is also called) until the joey leaves the pouch. This act which is called <i>diapause</i>, happens in places where food and water rates are low. At these times, the mother can produce two different types of milk simultaneously (one for the new born and the other for the joey). </div>
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The average life expectancy of kangaroos is 4 to 6 years. </div>
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Some kangaroos are nocturnal (active at night time) and others are crepuscular (active in twilight which is just before sunrise and times between sunset and full night). They often spend the days resting in shades. </div>
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<b>Kangaroos are herbivorous and eat foods such as grass, shrubs, fungi etc. The kangaroo has few predators including dingoes and foxes. </b></div>
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They can defend themselves by using their powerful hind legs to kick or if close to water they will demonstrate their swimming talent and attempt to hold the creature under water (with the use of its forehands) until it drowns. They are also keen runners and can reach top speeds of 70 km/h. </div>
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<b>The conflict of kangaroos with cars, mostly happens at twilight hours. One reason is that, the kangaroos come to feed at these times and the second reason is that their eyes get blinded when the headlight of vehicles point towards them. This startles them and increases the chance of them jumping towards the car. </b></div>
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science crazyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02765572300883014355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321125135165818036.post-24493838680909668172010-05-18T23:55:00.000-07:002017-10-09T19:19:34.777-07:00Iguana: the dragon-like reptile<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<b style="text-align: justify;">Iguana is a type of lizard which consists of two species and is found in tropical areas of Central and Southern America as well as some of the <st1:place w:st="on">Caribbean</st1:place> islands. The two species of Iguana which will be briefly assessed are: the <i>Green Iguana</i> and the <i>Lesser Antillean Iguana.</i></b></div>
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<b>These herbivorous reptiles have a dewlap (fold of skin which hangs under the throat and which helps in the regulation of the body temperature), a row of spines which run down their back and end at the tip of the tail, spikes behind their head and a delicate ear on each side which lays lower behind the eye. </b></div>
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<b>The diet of these animals (both species) consists of leaves, flowers, fruit and many other species of plants. </b></div>
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<u><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: blue;">1) The Green Iguana:</span><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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This specie of the iguana which is generally 1.5 to 2 meters in length with an approximate weight of 10 kilograms is native to Central and <st1:place w:st="on">Southern America</st1:place>. Green Iguanas which are diurnal (active at daytime) are mostly found where there is water and on trees. Although they tend to stay on the ground in cold weather as it is warmer. </div>
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Green Iguanas are very good climbers and can fall from great heights without getting hurt. They are also talented swimmers; gliding through the water by moving their strong and powerful tail from side to side. </div>
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Their vision in low-light is fairly weak but instead they have special cells which give them a strong vision; so strong that they can even see the ultraviolet wave lengths. This aids them in making sure that they absorb enough sunlight in order to produce enough Vitamin D (which prevents bone diseases). </div>
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Strangely, Green Iguanas have a third eye on the top of their head which can only detect movement. This is very useful as it can detect predators that might be stalking it from above.</div>
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The Green Iguana’s main predators are hawks. These Iguanas are so frightened of hawks so that when the bird screams or whistles, the Iguana freezes, making it easier to be captured. Generally when the Green Iguana is threatened, it will try to escape (either by running or swimming away if water is close-by). At times it will try to threaten the predator by puffing up its body (in order to look bigger) and making sounds or even striking at it, using its powerful tail, sharp claws or its strong bite.</div>
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A strange fact is that, if a Green Iguana is grabbed on the tail by the predator it has the ability to break its tail. It will then escape and the tail will re-grow. This is useful for a creature which has to carry an approximately 80 centimeter tail everywhere it goes! </div>
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Despite its name (Green Iguana), the color of this specie varies according to the region which it lives in. It can be found in pink, orange, blue, black and a few other colo<span style="color: purple;">rs. </span></div>
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<u><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: purple;">2) The Lesser Antillean Iguana:</span> <o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12pt;">This specie of Iguana which is between 1.2 and 1.5 meters in length, lives in woodlands, rainforests and mangroves of the <st1:place w:st="on">Caribbean</st1:place>. A way to distinguish Lesser Antillean Iguanas from their cousins is by the round scale under the ears which the Green Iguanas have and the Lesser Antillean Iguanas lack. </span></div>
science crazyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02765572300883014355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321125135165818036.post-39845392352627598012010-05-10T00:08:00.000-07:002010-06-20T07:43:21.629-07:00Computer Hardware in BriefComputer is a very complex system just like the human body. We have organs and neurons and computers have devices and cables. In the next few paragraphs, the <span style="color: red;">hardware</span> of the computer will be magnified and briefly described.<br />
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<div style="color: #741b47;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>CPU: </b></span></div><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjraoMnPCqgtaipAd6NvXO6AV3s5YQOQJY8rsy3i2oD4HUkYF2zmfREc3kIQ01VxCxXYY_gaZjrNcNKmVluEg8d6J41G44gcH1JdvNYCAFF0f_vk52ywz6Urb-WRzd5NXz2Kh_4Qi-dMdOk/s1600/cpu.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjraoMnPCqgtaipAd6NvXO6AV3s5YQOQJY8rsy3i2oD4HUkYF2zmfREc3kIQ01VxCxXYY_gaZjrNcNKmVluEg8d6J41G44gcH1JdvNYCAFF0f_vk52ywz6Urb-WRzd5NXz2Kh_4Qi-dMdOk/s200/cpu.jpg" width="196" /></a><br />
The Central Processing Unit or the Processor is the brain of the computer - though considered with zilch intelligence as it is only able to follow instructions.<br />
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Every order we give to the computer is sent to the CPU in the computer language (1s and 0s), is then analyzed and finally a reply is sent back in whatever language we have chosen - English, German,... <br />
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b style="color: #741b47;">RAM & Hard Disk Drive:</b></span><br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1iPrIN13CZ1e-5NkRonejqm4_IOxLmYnXNV7kX40Z8eQ01pG4oJ-ADR_KCGNBcj3GjEhkxYnddsdAzTiXB7BlYmk2KCAnQLd8DAZEOjdms6aGvXwSl_bCFA2_s6-i_1Qt5rlLMn9SUpyc/s1600/ram.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1iPrIN13CZ1e-5NkRonejqm4_IOxLmYnXNV7kX40Z8eQ01pG4oJ-ADR_KCGNBcj3GjEhkxYnddsdAzTiXB7BlYmk2KCAnQLd8DAZEOjdms6aGvXwSl_bCFA2_s6-i_1Qt5rlLMn9SUpyc/s200/ram.jpg" width="200" /></a></div><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiP_QgK8gBqL3Zqvyp1MfuQbubVBwRBX0gW1MHcZ6tR95oC-C2QaDewBjCkEXaFXHKM0bYIcOMy74u4esdYi3a3qz5M3f-e71z8pXgOyRWwJmtwvw-fNcTz4Vc3sAdI396Y8ir8xn9o_oI0/s1600/Serial_ATA_hard_disk_connected.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="182" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiP_QgK8gBqL3Zqvyp1MfuQbubVBwRBX0gW1MHcZ6tR95oC-C2QaDewBjCkEXaFXHKM0bYIcOMy74u4esdYi3a3qz5M3f-e71z8pXgOyRWwJmtwvw-fNcTz4Vc3sAdI396Y8ir8xn9o_oI0/s200/Serial_ATA_hard_disk_connected.jpg" width="200" /></a><br />
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Random Access Memory is the temporary memory of the computer. RAM is like scrap paper that holds your work while you are working on it or editing it. But as soon as the power is cut, nothing will be saved. For example, RAM is holding up my article while you are reading it right now ; if you haven't saved it and the computer is turned off no trace of it will be found when you turn your computer on again. <br />
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That's where the Hard Disk Drive comes to save the day. The Hard Disk Drive is the storage pot of the computer. Whenever you click on the save button, your work will be sent to the HDD. It will be stored there for you to reuse whenever you want.<br />
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Now, whenever you want to open a file, the CPU will go searching for it in the HDD and then send it to RAM - the temporary memory - to hold it up while you manipulate it. <br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgF1ZMnvyDIGl6P4_5eaQvlvmFx5uHNy0tZBkUjI2zh5fpPq91RuiLlr_4spF1iwath84AVkhu928KL2W0dD_1InzdB6Tb2skpBltZTPZxUnlVfbmSzmyaON1ek4blq1RwmYLNQccjvBVQb/s1600/motherboard-callouts.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="166" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgF1ZMnvyDIGl6P4_5eaQvlvmFx5uHNy0tZBkUjI2zh5fpPq91RuiLlr_4spF1iwath84AVkhu928KL2W0dD_1InzdB6Tb2skpBltZTPZxUnlVfbmSzmyaON1ek4blq1RwmYLNQccjvBVQb/s200/motherboard-callouts.jpg" width="200" /></a><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b style="color: #741b47;">Motherboard:</b></span><br />
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This is board inside the case which contains many devices which are all joined with each other. This board is the Central Nervous System of the computer which the CPU and most of the cards (see titles bellow) plug into. <br />
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<a href="http://www.techfuels.com/attachments/everything-else/7424d1225454330-geforce-7600-gt-video-card-geforce-7600-gt-video-card.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="http://www.techfuels.com/attachments/everything-else/7424d1225454330-geforce-7600-gt-video-card-geforce-7600-gt-video-card.jpg" width="200" /></a><br />
<div style="color: #741b47;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">Video Card: </span></b></div><br />
This is a chip - not eatable - which transfers the digital information into the chosen format and displays everything onto the monitor.<br />
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<div style="color: #741b47;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">Sound Card: </span></b></div><br />
<a href="http://www.winrag.com/season2issue1pics/soundcard1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="116" src="http://www.winrag.com/season2issue1pics/soundcard1.jpg" width="200" /></a>The sound card is responsible for putting out the audio files through the speaker or headphones.science crazyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02765572300883014355noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321125135165818036.post-25947160475667428122010-04-28T23:15:00.000-07:002010-05-31T04:21:18.647-07:00Five Hair-raising Medical Miracles!<div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="color: #0b5394; text-align: justify;">In the next few paragraphs five medical miracles will be mentioned which will cause you to pray for your health and stray to maintain and strengthen it:</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
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</div><div style="color: blue; text-align: justify;"><b>1) The girl with 4 arms and 4 legs: </b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2008/06/16/article-0-005220BF00000578-513_468x484.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2008/06/16/article-0-005220BF00000578-513_468x484.jpg" width="192" /></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Yes, 8 limbs! Spiderwoman! This girl, Lakshimi Tatma, who was born in a small Indian village in 2005, was one of a pair of ischiopagus conjoined twins. In this case the other pair was headless due to its head atrophying and chest under developing in the womb.The result of this crazy equation summoned up to one child with 4 arms and 4 legs. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
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This Indian girl is named after the multi-limbed Indian goddess: Lakshimi. Her mother, Poonam, recalled on a TV show that a few weeks before giving birth she had a dream which told her to build a temple for the goddess, Lakshimi. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">The other interesting thing is that Lakshimi, the Indian girl, opened eyes - though only two - to this world during the "Lakshimi Festival". </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">When Lakshimi was 2, her name had sailed all around India and at one stage a circus offered Lakshimi's parents a sum of money to take her in as a sideshow act. But they were rejected. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">She was still in her second year of life, when Dr. Sharan Patil offered to put Lakshimi under the knife of surgery. It was assumed by physiologists and anesthetists that this young girl wouldn't make it past her teens in this structure. Lakshimi was also feeling some discomfort in parts of her body. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><a href="http://www.chinapost.com.tw/news_images/20071216/p11b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="146" src="http://www.chinapost.com.tw/news_images/20071216/p11b.jpg" width="200" /></a>Anyhow, a team of about 30 packed the surgery room on 6 November 2007 to operate the 2 year old who had limbs four times her age. The operation duration was 27 hours and the mighty cost, $625,000, of it was paid by the charitable wing of the hospital, Sparsh Hospital in Bangalore, India.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">A TV program a few months after the surgery showed Lakshimi making an effort to walk. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
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</div><div style="color: #274e13; text-align: justify;"><b>2) Snake bite gave back the motorcyclist his mobility:</b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Over 20 years ago, David Blancarte was almost killed in a motorcycle accident. He survived but in consequence lost his moving ability and rolled from place to place on a wheel chair til a few years ago. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://208.106.250.72/_media/imgs/articles2/a96746_a485_DavidBlancarte.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="136" src="http://208.106.250.72/_media/imgs/articles2/a96746_a485_DavidBlancarte.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;">David was bitten by a Brown Reculse Spider and hospitalized. The nurse, monitoring his situation, noticed a spasm in one of his david's legs. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">And a few day on and he was walking.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
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</div><div style="color: purple; text-align: justify;"><b>3) Grandparents or parents? </b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">After decades of infertility, an Indian couple became parents at the age of 70. Both the child and the mother passed the surgery safely and are in a good and healthy situation. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;">The world record for the oldest parents has also been dedicated to this couple. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
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</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b style="color: red;">4) Four months without a HEART:</b> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The heart is the major pump of the body and without it, a minute or so would be the remainder of one's life. So, four months?</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Yes, 4 months without a real and natural heart but with an artificial pump. Here's the story:</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://208.106.250.72/_media/imgs/articles2/a96746_a485_teenager-heart.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="125" src="http://208.106.250.72/_media/imgs/articles2/a96746_a485_teenager-heart.jpg" width="200" /></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;">D'Zhana Simmons had an enlarged heart and was due for a transplant, but the day which should've been her dream turned into a nightmare. The transplanted heart didn't function properly so the surgeons removed it and instead inserted two pumps which would keep the flow for the next few months. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">This caught the attention of the press for two reasons. Because of her low age, 14, and also the fact that in most situations as such, the true and god-given heart isn't removed.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">After a few months, she had another heart transplant; this time so successful that the very next day, she had a kidney transplant as well. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
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</div><div style="color: #990000; text-align: justify;"><b>5) The dopey genius: </b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Daniel Tammet from England has two situations: Savant-syndrome and Synaesthesia. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Daniel_Tammet_at_Reykjavik_University.jpg/494px-Daniel_Tammet_at_Reykjavik_University.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Daniel_Tammet_at_Reykjavik_University.jpg/494px-Daniel_Tammet_at_Reykjavik_University.jpg" width="164" /></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Savant-Syndrome means that the patients has strange and unbelievable talents and abilities. In david's case, he can calculated faster and more accurately than a computer. In some sources it is written that he memorized over 1000 digits of the geometrical phrase, pi. He can also speak about 10 languages. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
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</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Synaesthesia is a very rare condition and under a 100 people own it in the whole world. It causes the patient's senses to become mixed up. </div>science crazyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02765572300883014355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321125135165818036.post-64931761032314888082010-04-26T09:44:00.000-07:002010-05-29T12:00:46.630-07:00Elephants = the largest land mammals<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type"></meta><meta content="Word.Document" name="ProgId"></meta><meta content="Microsoft Word 11" name="Generator"></meta><meta content="Microsoft Word 11" name="Originator"></meta><link href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CADMINI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml" rel="File-List"></link><style>
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<b><o:p></o:p></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">These large herbivorous land mammals are also scientifically classified as <i>Pychoderm</i>s meaning thick-skinned animals. There are two main living species of elephants; this includes the African elephant and the Asian elephant. These animals are fairly intelligent and are symbolized with wisdom in some Asian cultures.<br />
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><u><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><b><span style="color: red;">1) African Elephant:</span></b><o:p></o:p></span></u></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><a href="http://www.lisisoft.com/imglisi/5/Screensavers/35342windowslivewriterafricanelephants-756aelephant-sideview-kruger3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="150" src="http://www.lisisoft.com/imglisi/5/Screensavers/35342windowslivewriterafricanelephants-756aelephant-sideview-kruger3.jpg" width="200" /></a> </div>The brown-reddish African elephants are spread in 37 countries of <st1:place w:st="on">Africa</st1:place> with a population of approximately 470 thousand to 690 thousand. Both female and male African elephants have large external tusks. There are two distinct sub-species of African elephants: the Savanna elephants and the <st1:place w:st="on">Forest</st1:place> elephants. See the chart bellow for more information: <br />
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</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><span style="color: purple;">African Elephant sub-species</span><o:p></o:p></b></div><table align="left" border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: medium none; margin-left: 6.75pt; margin-right: 6.75pt;"><tbody>
<tr> <td style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 27pt;" valign="top" width="36"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><span style="font-size: 11pt;">No.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-color: windowtext windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 108pt;" valign="top" width="144"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Sub-Specie<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-color: windowtext windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 126pt;" valign="top" width="168"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Habitat<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-color: windowtext windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 81pt;" valign="top" width="108"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Weight<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-color: windowtext windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63pt;" valign="top" width="84"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Height (to shoulders)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-color: windowtext windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 99pt;" valign="top" width="132"><br />
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<tr> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 27pt;" valign="top" width="36"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b>1<o:p></o:p></b></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 108pt;" valign="top" width="144"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">Savanna elephant</div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 126pt;" valign="top" width="168"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">- Open grasslands, swamps, lake shores</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">- South Saharan <st1:place w:st="on">Africa</st1:place> </div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 81pt;" valign="top" width="108"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"> - 3500-12000 kg</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63pt;" valign="top" width="84"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">- up to 4 meters </div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 99pt;" valign="top" width="132"><br />
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<tr style="height: 40pt;"> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; height: 40pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 27pt;" valign="top" width="36"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b>2<o:p></o:p></b></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 40pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 108pt;" valign="top" width="144"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><st1:place w:st="on">Forest</st1:place> elephant</div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 40pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 126pt;" valign="top" width="168"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">- Rainforests </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">- Central and western <st1:place w:st="on">Africa</st1:place></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 40pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 81pt;" valign="top" width="108"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">- up to 4500 kg</div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 40pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63pt;" valign="top" width="84"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">- up to 3 meters</div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 40pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 99pt;" valign="top" width="132"><br />
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</tbody></table><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><o:p></o:p></b><o:p></o:p><u><span style="font-size: 14pt;"></span></u></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><o:p></o:p></b><o:p></o:p><u><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><br />
</span></u></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><o:p></o:p></b><o:p></o:p><u><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><br />
</span></u></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><u><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><b><span style="color: red;">2) Asian Elephant:</span></b><o:p></o:p></span></u></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: blue; direction: ltr; text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: blue; direction: ltr; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; unicode-bidi: embed;"><a href="http://www.naturfoto-cz.de/photos/sevcik/asian-elephant--elephas-maximus-2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="140" src="http://www.naturfoto-cz.de/photos/sevcik/asian-elephant--elephas-maximus-2.jpg" width="200" /></a>The grey Asian elephants (also known as Indian elephants) are smaller and much hairier than their African cousins. Female Asian elephants are either tusk less or have a very small one, but the males have large external tusks (which are usually smaller than those of African elephants). The chart bellow names and specifies briefly the four sub-species of Asian elephants:<o:p> </o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt; unicode-bidi: embed;"><o:p> <br />
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<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><span style="color: purple;">Asian Elephants sub-species</span></b><b><o:p></o:p></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><table align="left" border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: medium none; margin-left: 6.75pt; margin-right: 6.75pt;"><tbody>
<tr> <td style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 27pt;" valign="top" width="36"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><span style="font-size: 11pt;">No.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-color: windowtext windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 108pt;" valign="top" width="144"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Sub-Specie<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-color: windowtext windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 126pt;" valign="top" width="168"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Habitat<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-color: windowtext windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 81pt;" valign="top" width="108"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Weight<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-color: windowtext windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63pt;" valign="top" width="84"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Height (to shoulders)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-color: windowtext windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 99pt;" valign="top" width="132"><br />
</td><td style="border-color: windowtext windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72pt;" valign="top" width="96"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 27pt;" valign="top" width="36"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b>1<o:p></o:p></b></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 108pt;" valign="top" width="144"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">Sri Lankan elephant</div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 126pt;" valign="top" width="168"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">-Only <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">Sri Lanka</st1:country-region></st1:place></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 81pt;" valign="top" width="108"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">-Up to5400 kg </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63pt;" valign="top" width="84"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">-Up to 3.4 meters </div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 99pt;" valign="top" width="132"><br />
</td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72pt;" valign="top" width="96"><br />
</td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 3.5pt;"> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; height: 3.5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 27pt;" valign="top" width="36"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b>2<o:p></o:p></b></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 3.5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 108pt;" valign="top" width="144"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">Indian elephant</div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 3.5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 126pt;" valign="top" width="168"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">-Mostly rainforests of most Asian countries (<st1:country-region w:st="on">India</st1:country-region>, <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">Indonesia</st1:country-region></st1:place>…) </div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 3.5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 81pt;" valign="top" width="108"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">-Up to 5000 kg</div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 3.5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63pt;" valign="top" width="84"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">-Up to 3.5 meters</div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 3.5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 99pt;" valign="top" width="132"><br />
</td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 3.5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72pt;" valign="top" width="96"><br />
</td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 27pt;" valign="top" width="36"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b>3<o:p></o:p></b></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 108pt;" valign="top" width="144"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">Sumatran elephant</div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 126pt;" valign="top" width="168"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">-Only in the <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placetype w:st="on">island</st1:placetype> of <st1:placename w:st="on">Sumatra</st1:placename></st1:place></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">-Forested and wooded environments </div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 81pt;" valign="top" width="108"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">-Up to 3000 kg</div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63pt;" valign="top" width="84"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">-1.7-2.6 meters</div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 99pt;" valign="top" width="132"><br />
</td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72pt;" valign="top" width="96"><br />
</td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 27pt;" valign="top" width="36"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b>4<o:p></o:p></b></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 108pt;" valign="top" width="144"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><st1:place w:st="on">Borneo</st1:place> pygmy elephant*</div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 126pt;" valign="top" width="168"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">-<st1:place w:st="on">Borneo</st1:place> </div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 81pt;" valign="top" width="108"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">-</div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63pt;" valign="top" width="84"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">-</div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 99pt;" valign="top" width="132"><br />
</td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72pt;" valign="top" width="96"><br />
</td> </tr>
</tbody></table><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><o:p></o:p></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><o:p></o:p></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b>Notes:<o:p></o:p></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">* Borneo pygmy elephants have been identified in 2003 in <st1:place w:st="on">Borneo</st1:place> so not much and exact information is valid.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">Some of the Elephant's (both species) body parts are briefly explained bellow:</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><u><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">Trunk: (Proboscis)</span><o:p></o:p></span></u></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">The combination of the nose and the upper lip of an elephant is called the trunk. This appendage is very sensitive as it has over 40 thousand muscles and allows the elephant to pick up a single blade of grass. At the same time, it is strong enough to break branches. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">Elephants suck water in using their trunk and then blow it into their mouth. They can use their trunk to spray water, mud and dirt onto their bodies which acts as a natural sunscreen.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">These large mammals can use their trunk as a snorkel, for greeting each other by tangling their appendages (somewhat like a hand shake), for defending themselves and/or for smelling. Elephants are aided with an excellent sense of smell. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><u><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="color: #cc0000;">Tusk: (Ivory)</span><o:p></o:p></span></u></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.herdaily.com/blogimg/travel/elephant%20tusk.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="http://www.herdaily.com/blogimg/travel/elephant%20tusk.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>These continuously growing second upper incisors can grow up to 18 centimeters per year and can reach 3 meters in length and weigh up to 90 kilograms. Tusks are made up of Calcium phosphate which can be consumed through the food which the elephants eat. Tusks are mainly used for digging (for water, salt, roots etc.), clearing paths and/or as a weapon. The desire of humans for elephant tusks is one of the main factors in reduction of the elephant population. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">Just like humans who are either left or right handed, elephants are either left or right tusked. Their main tusk is called the “master tusk” and tends to be shorter than the other one. Living species of elephants have a pair of tusks on their upper jaw; some extinct species had only a pair of tusks on their lower jaw or even on both lower and upper jaws. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"> </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><u><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: #38761d;">Teeth:</span><o:p></o:p></span></u></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.honoluluzoo.org/images/elephant_teeth_small.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="132" src="http://www.honoluluzoo.org/images/elephant_teeth_small.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>Unlike many other mammals which grow baby teeth at first and then replace them with a permanent set of teeth, elephants have a cycle of tooth rotation throughout their life. This means that new teeth will appear in the back of the mouth. They will move forward horizontally and will push the older teeth towards the front of the mouth. The old teeth will wear down and eventually fall out of the mouth.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">Old elephants mostly eat soft and wet grass to reduce the wearing down of teeth. When the last set of teeth fall, elephants will be unable to eat and will die of starvation.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><u><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: lime;">Skin:</span><o:p></o:p></span></u></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.birdsasart.com/elephant%20trunk.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="192" src="http://www.birdsasart.com/elephant%20trunk.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>The skin of elephants is tough and also very sensitive. The skin around the mouth and in the ears is fairly thin but those of most other parts have approximately 2.5 centimeters of thickness. Elephants are often observed spurting mud on themselves; this acts as a natural sunscreen, decreases the loss of moisture, and also regulates the body temperature. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><u><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><o:p><span style="text-decoration: none;"><br />
</span></o:p></span></u></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><u style="color: orange;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">Ears:</span></u><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">Containing a rich network of blood vessels and a thin layer of skin, the elephant’s large flapping ears are very important especially in hot climates. On hot days, elephants are often seen flapping their ears. This constant moving of the ears creates a small breeze which cools the surface blood vessels. As the blood circulates around the body, it will drop the body temperature. This act can decrease the temperature of the body up to 10 degrees (Fahrenheit). </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">The size of the ears depends on the geographical distribution of elephants. Those which live in warmer regions, such as the African elephants, have larger ears than those who live in rather cooler conditions, such as the Asian elephants. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">As well as playing an essential role in the regulation of the body temperature of elephants, the ears are used to intimidate predators by spreading their ears in order to look bigger. Elephants have very few predators such as lions and its kind.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><u style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><br />
</span></u></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><u style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: #674ea7;">Legs and Feet:</span></span></u></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">Elephants have straight and post like legs and nearly round, pad-like feet. As an elephant’s legs are straight, it uses a small amount of muscular power and can stand on its feet for a long time without getting tired.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">Another slight difference between Asian and African elephants is in the number of nails they have on their front and back feet. While the Asian elephants have four nails on their front feet and three on their back feet, their African cousins have five nails on their front feet and four on their back feet. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><u><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: #990000;">Behavior , Intelligence & Senses:</span><o:p></o:p></span></u></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">Male elephants tend to live a solitary life whereas females live in tightly knitted family groups. Males separate from their families more and more as they grow up. They will start an independent life at the approximate age of 14 and might form a group with other male elephants, which is called a “bachelor herd”. Females on the other hand, tend to live with their daughter/s, sister/s, mother, aunt/s etc. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">An elephant’s brain, weighing at approximately five kilograms, is larger than that of any other land animal. The hearing, smelling, movement co-ordination, trunk management and sensitivity sections of an elephants brain cover the most area. This shows that an elephant acts greatly in these cases. The intelligence of these animals is also used in circuses.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">Elephants have hearing receptors in their ear, on their trunk which are very sensitive to vibrations and also on their feet. These thick-skinned mammals can communicate over large distances (kilometers) by producing a low frequency sound which travels on the ground (and can travel farther than sound in air). This sound will be received by the sensitive hearing receptors on the feet and the trunk. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><u><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p><span style="text-decoration: none;"><br />
</span></o:p></span></u></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><u style="color: #274e13;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Diet:</span></u><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.hedweb.com/animimag/elepeat.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="141" src="http://www.hedweb.com/animimag/elepeat.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>Elephants eat a large variety of herbivorous foods such as leaves, bamboo, roots, bark, fruit, seeds, flowers etc. Less than half of the large amount of food they eat is digested and the rest comes out undigested.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><u><span style="font-size: 20pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p><span style="text-decoration: none;"><br />
</span></o:p></span></u></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><u><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: magenta;">Reproduction:</span><o:p></o:p></span></u></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">Female elephants reach maturity at the approximate age of 13 and tend to choose a stronger, bigger and older male in order for the calf to have more chance of survival. After the gestation period (pregnancy period), which is approximately 22 month, the calf is born blind and depends on its trunk as to search its surrounding. Calves are usually 70 to 80 centimeters tall and weigh about 113 kilograms.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
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</span></b></div>science crazyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02765572300883014355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321125135165818036.post-84591969893537416092010-04-14T08:19:00.000-07:002010-05-29T08:45:01.928-07:00Smelling with your tongue and Sleeping with half your brain<div style="color: purple;"><a href="http://www.surrey-arg.org.uk/SARG/08000-TheAnimals/SpeciesPages/Grass_Snake/Grass_Snake_Tongue.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="196" src="http://www.surrey-arg.org.uk/SARG/08000-TheAnimals/SpeciesPages/Grass_Snake/Grass_Snake_Tongue.jpg" width="200" /></a><b>Amazingly, snakes smell with their tongue. Their tongue is the red and thin wire like ligament that is usually sticking out of their mouth.</b></div><div style="color: purple;"><b><br />
</b></div><div style="color: #741b47;"><b>As you know, humans take in the air particles through their nostrils, which then goes through the livers and is pumped by the heart to all over the body. Snakes absorb these particles using their tongue. Then these particles are transfered to an organ behind the snake's mouth called the Vomernasal Organ or Jacobson's Organ, where they are examined. </b></div><div style="color: purple;"><br />
</div><div style="color: purple;"><b>This is one of the reasons that snakes flap and wiggle their horrifying tongues out of their mouths most of the time.</b></div><br />
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<div style="color: blue;"><b>Now let's take a look at a relatively friendly and playful marine: the dolphin, which sleeps with half its brain in the awareness state. </b></div><div style="color: blue;"><br />
</div><div style="color: #0b5394;"><a href="http://www.pollsb.com/photos/o/48719-dolphin.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="141" src="http://www.pollsb.com/photos/o/48719-dolphin.jpg" width="200" /></a><b>Like all other mammals, dolphins have a brain with two hemispheres (halves). These mammals have the ability to send one to sleep while the other stays in action. Dolphins remain under water for fair time span but still need to resurface. The awake hemisphere takes care of the resurfacing cycle and also keeps guard for any probable threats. </b></div><div style="color: blue;"><br />
</div><div style="color: blue;"><b>In captivity, the dolphin feels more secure and is sometimes observed to be resting both its hemispheres at once. But how does it breathe in this case? With a reflex tail-flick. </b></div><div style="color: blue;"><br />
</div><div style="color: blue;"><b> </b></div><b><span style="color: blue;"> </span></b>science crazyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02765572300883014355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321125135165818036.post-13345988002092911642010-03-29T04:54:00.000-07:002010-05-15T04:58:23.569-07:00Why is garlic good for the body?<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type"></meta><meta content="Word.Document" name="ProgId"></meta><meta content="Microsoft Word 11" name="Generator"></meta><meta content="Microsoft Word 11" name="Originator"></meta><link href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CADMINI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml" rel="File-List"></link><style>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";"><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">Garlic is good for the body because it contains a substance called <i>Alicin</i>. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">Now, everything around us, absolutely everything, is made of molecules: water, glass, hair, lamp, air, paper… Even our body is made up of molecules. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><a href="http://www.robertkbrown.com/images/garlic_bulb.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="162" src="http://www.robertkbrown.com/images/garlic_bulb.jpg" width="200" /></a> </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">Just like a glass can break if its surrounding area is too cold or too hot or if it has been hit, molecules can also be destroyed by damage. Our body is made up of millions and millions of molecules. These molecules can get damaged in many ways. For example: people who smoke cigarettes; when the smoke of the cigar enters the smoker’s body, it will damage some molecules. The damaged molecules in the body of a human are called <i>Free Radical</i>s. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">Free Radicals are very harmful. They cause aging, heart problems and many other unpleasant symptoms. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><i>Alicin </i>which is a substance in garlic can destroy Free Radicals. This means that along with exercise and a healthy diet, Alicin can help to reduce many diseases and can also reduce the growth of wrinkles and many other signs of aging. </div>science crazyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02765572300883014355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321125135165818036.post-17001128450820450482010-03-26T04:49:00.000-07:002010-05-15T04:54:27.878-07:00How do sharks breath<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type"></meta><meta content="Word.Document" name="ProgId"></meta><meta content="Microsoft Word 11" name="Generator"></meta><meta content="Microsoft Word 11" name="Originator"></meta><link href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CADMINI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml" rel="File-List"></link><link href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CADMINI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_editdata.mso" rel="Edit-Time-Data"></link><style>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.shark-info.com/images/respiration.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="262" src="http://www.shark-info.com/images/respiration.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";"><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">Like many other fish, sharks breathe using their gills. Sharks have 5 to 7 gills on each side, just behind their eyes and above their fins. As you might know, humans have two lungs on their chest which takes care of respiration. Gills act similarly to Lungs; except for the fact that sharks absorb the oxygen (<span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">O</span>) they need from water (H2<span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">O</span>) while humans absorb the needed oxygen (<span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">O</span>) through the air (<span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">O</span>2). </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="height: 12px; left: 0px; margin-left: 155px; margin-top: 92px; position: absolute; width: 39px; z-index: 2;"></span><span style="height: 12px; left: 0px; margin-left: 443px; margin-top: 68px; position: absolute; width: 39px; z-index: 1;"></span>As the sharks are swimming along, the water (H2<span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">O</span>) enters their mouth. Just like the nose of a human, the gills of a shark are holes and water can go through them. So the water which has entered the shark’s body goes through the gills, the gills absorb the oxygen (O), and then the rest of the water goes out through the gills and back into the sea.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">This is why some sharks are at all times swimming. They swim all the time to allow water to enter their mouth and oxygen to be absorbed. If they don’t swim and keep the flow of the water, they will suffocate. </div>science crazyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02765572300883014355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321125135165818036.post-89536804548036735652010-03-19T04:39:00.000-07:002010-05-15T04:48:49.768-07:00Smoking Is Dumb: Young Men Who Smoke Have Lower IQs, Study Finds:<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type"></meta><meta content="Word.Document" name="ProgId"></meta><meta content="Microsoft Word 11" name="Generator"></meta><meta content="Microsoft Word 11" name="Originator"></meta><link href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CADMINI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml" rel="File-List"></link><o:smarttagtype downloadurl="http://www.5iantlavalamp.com/" name="place" namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"></o:smarttagtype><o:smarttagtype name="PlaceName" namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"></o:smarttagtype><o:smarttagtype name="PlaceType" namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"></o:smarttagtype><style>
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<o:p></o:p></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsfsZcnvrcTDMuzmYzYEBHKDl1LblshHxKTLupWXCvGrvTXIZG6c9B3ileJp0p9p_BAFFoqGUCcwXTtkKPNwvrOoW8cNwnwTOcBehAidzp8fkEgqlDgPzudWW9PJUCHLqiddJmiozeU_eP/s1600/smoking2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsfsZcnvrcTDMuzmYzYEBHKDl1LblshHxKTLupWXCvGrvTXIZG6c9B3ileJp0p9p_BAFFoqGUCcwXTtkKPNwvrOoW8cNwnwTOcBehAidzp8fkEgqlDgPzudWW9PJUCHLqiddJmiozeU_eP/s200/smoking2.jpg" width="200" /></a>This research, conducted by Prof. Mark Weiser of <st1:placename w:st="on">Tel</st1:placename> <st1:placename w:st="on">Aviv</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">University</st1:placetype>'s Department of Psychiatry and the <st1:placename w:st="on">Sheba</st1:placename> <st1:placename w:st="on">Medical</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">Center</st1:placetype> at <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placename w:st="on">Tel</st1:placename> <st1:placename w:st="on">Hashomer</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">Hospital</st1:placetype></st1:place>, focused on 18-21 year old men enlisted in the Israeli Army, in the largest ever study of its kind. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">The aim was to find out a relation between cigarette smoking and IQ levels. Choosing to study soldiers had two benefits; one being all the men were considered fit and healthy due to pre-screen tests for Army permission. And the second benefit is knocking away the common thought that most smokers are from poor, uneducated families, as the subjects came from diverse economic backgrounds. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">Out of the approximately 20,000 men, 28 % smoked one or to cigarettes a day, 3 % considered themselves ex-smokers and 69 % said they had never smoked. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">The average IQ of a non-smoker in the classified age group is 101; whereas the average IQ of those who smoked was approximately 7 grades lower at 94. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">Another interesting find was related to twin brothers. In the subjects which one twin smoked and the other didn't, the whole philosophy of this research is proven; as in twins, the genes are almost identical. The results showed that the IQ levels of the non-smoking twin is slightly higher. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
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<o:p></o:p></i></div>science crazyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02765572300883014355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321125135165818036.post-25104834636473259072010-03-06T04:25:00.000-08:002010-06-21T09:02:39.640-07:00Sleep Right = Sleep Tight<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type"></meta><meta content="Word.Document" name="ProgId"></meta><meta content="Microsoft Word 11" name="Generator"></meta><meta content="Microsoft Word 11" name="Originator"></meta><link href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CADMINI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml" rel="File-List"></link><style>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><span lang="EN-AU"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><i>"A good laugh and a long sleep are the best cures in the doctor's book." <o:p></o:p></i></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">Laughing has no limitations or instructions to stick to but a comfortable and healthy sleep requires a few guidelines. <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">Overall, there are three main postures of sleeping. This essay will discuss a few points about each one. <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><span style="color: blue;">The conditions of the pillow are important for a comfortable sleep and substantial support of the neck and spine. If the pillow is too high or too low, the neck muscles will be strained, presumably leading to obstructed breathing and snoring and also other symptoms. </span><o:p></o:p></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #0b5394; direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b>Considering physical features and special conditions of individuals Dr. Steven Conway remarks, "There is no such thing as a universal fit when it comes to pillows.</b> <b>Find a pillow that is consistent with the shape and size of your body. If you find yourself sleeping on your side with one hand propped under your pillow, that's a clue that you're not getting the support you need from that pillow". </b><b><o:p></o:p></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #0b5394; direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b>1) Sleeping sideways: </b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div>In this case, the pillow has to be so that the spinal cord aligns horizontally. Placing another pillow under the waist also provides additional support. <br />
<a href="http://64.143.176.100/library/healthguide/en-us/images/media/medical/hw/hwkb17_048_49.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="130" src="http://64.143.176.100/library/healthguide/en-us/images/media/medical/hw/hwkb17_048_49.jpg" width="200" /></a><b>2) Sleeping on the back:</b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">In this situation, the height of the pillow should be lower than when sleeping sideways. Also, placing a pillow under the knees provides a rather gentler and steadier situation for the spine and neck. <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b>3) Sleeping on your stomach: </b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><a href="http://s3.hubimg.com/u/50790_f520.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="135" src="http://s3.hubimg.com/u/50790_f520.jpg" width="200" /></a>If you prefer sleeping on your stomach, the pillow is recommended to be flat or the head can directly lie on the mattress. Another pillow under the stomach is also recommended for bonus support. <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">The three points above, are the correct postures of sleeping and along with other factors (pillow, mattress, ….) can decrease the chances of or relieve the pain of osteoarthritis, hip pain and many other back and neck disorders. <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b style="color: #cc0000;">"Many people don't realize the reason for their neck or back pain is literally right underneath them -- it's their mattress and pillow</b><span style="color: #cc0000;">." </span><b><span style="color: #cc0000;">says Scott Bautch, DC, DACBOH.</span><o:p></o:p></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">If you continue to experience pain and discomfort at night or have difficulty falling asleep, visit your doctor of chiropractic. Doctors of chiropractic are trained to treat spinal problems that can interfere with a restful night's sleep.<o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><u>References: <o:p></o:p></u></div><span dir="rtl" style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt;"><a href="http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/84925.php"><span dir="ltr">http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/84925.php</span></a></span>science crazyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02765572300883014355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321125135165818036.post-47312344235127975052010-02-23T04:19:00.000-08:002010-05-15T04:25:09.235-07:00Hidden medicinal benefits in Ginkgo and Primrose herbs<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type"></meta><meta content="Word.Document" name="ProgId"></meta><meta content="Microsoft Word 11" name="Generator"></meta><meta content="Microsoft Word 11" name="Originator"></meta><link href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CADMINI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml" rel="File-List"></link><style>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><br />
<o:p></o:p></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">In the next few paragraphs, two herbs with precious medicinal characteristics will be introduced. <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><i><b><span style="color: #38761d;">1) Ginkgo Biloba: </span></b><o:p></o:p></i></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7FWhvCO39mv_iJ32y2lvf-BMDAbC1Ilkcyoba8ujC79imkb6jdeZMEyjGX-psYP54-_ml1c2kVvhGwNSL1KjkOoFZwgUXUMgcPokxqrh0v4R5NjM31hmewCh9SDudtDZ4TPRSAkVz8zuE/s1600/Ginkgo_Biloba.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7FWhvCO39mv_iJ32y2lvf-BMDAbC1Ilkcyoba8ujC79imkb6jdeZMEyjGX-psYP54-_ml1c2kVvhGwNSL1KjkOoFZwgUXUMgcPokxqrh0v4R5NjM31hmewCh9SDudtDZ4TPRSAkVz8zuE/s200/Ginkgo_Biloba.jpg" width="200" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">This is a very ancient specie of trees that has been used for a long time for its valuable leaves in Chinese Medicine. The Ginkgo leaves are used by all age groups because of the memory and concentration improvement characteristics.<o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">The leaves are also considered effective antioxidants as they have the potential to fight <i>free radicals</i> - which are damaged cells strolling in the blood stream and leading to problems such as heart disease in long term. <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">They also aid the Nervous System and decrease stress levels. <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">Taking in the points above, the fact that the larger fraction of consumers of this remedy are students and occupants of stress-related jobs, seems logical. <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><i><b><span style="color: orange;">2) Primrose Oil: </span></b><o:p></o:p></i></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiS5WL2C1aSaqMK8yUd2dewona4beLjfvFgyrLnfEN8MRIt7qELDuPb9QFCMDMi9Km8Rm3arMjq5o1nErmEatC8C3DrJ2BQkzzvcAmAtCrDhKV2C2SMM33qkov_V-5MId2LilqhkjKGHJHe/s1600/evening-primrose.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="174" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiS5WL2C1aSaqMK8yUd2dewona4beLjfvFgyrLnfEN8MRIt7qELDuPb9QFCMDMi9Km8Rm3arMjq5o1nErmEatC8C3DrJ2BQkzzvcAmAtCrDhKV2C2SMM33qkov_V-5MId2LilqhkjKGHJHe/s200/evening-primrose.jpg" width="200" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">From the past, the native Indian Americans have used the roots and leaves of this plant for healing wounds and respiratory problems, but after being introduced to Europe in the 17<sup>th</sup> century, the rich oil extracted from the seeds of the plant was put under the spotlight. <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">The medical benefits of the oil is hidden in an acid called <i><span lang="EN-AU">Gamma Linolenic Acid </span></i><span lang="EN-AU">(GLA). Some of these benefits include keeping the balance of blood pressure and body temperature, relieving arthritis pain and maintaining the health of the skin. <o:p></o:p></span></div>science crazyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02765572300883014355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321125135165818036.post-47886930348472289692010-02-15T04:12:00.001-08:002010-05-15T04:18:53.336-07:00Diabetes<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type"></meta><meta content="Word.Document" name="ProgId"></meta><meta content="Microsoft Word 11" name="Generator"></meta><meta content="Microsoft Word 11" name="Originator"></meta><link href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CADMINI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml" rel="File-List"></link><style>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><o:p></o:p></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0ciaGVTl3tkDs6R0bGSm1MH9Xql004DvZdjmmXf8gxeEkk6Fv8VmSTadxDMtDlkn2Bu76tD0TShtWvfsO3eECX0QTNC46mHaL7bNuyabNqI2upuOZ3zJp0HmAJ_V0_TmmOCKV2h9TuGIs/s1600/pancreas.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0ciaGVTl3tkDs6R0bGSm1MH9Xql004DvZdjmmXf8gxeEkk6Fv8VmSTadxDMtDlkn2Bu76tD0TShtWvfsO3eECX0QTNC46mHaL7bNuyabNqI2upuOZ3zJp0HmAJ_V0_TmmOCKV2h9TuGIs/s200/pancreas.jpg" width="197" /></a>Diabetes is the inefficiency of the pancreas to create a hormone called <i>Insulin</i>. So before we discuss this disorder, it's better to have a slight review on the pancreas. <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">The pancreas is a gland behind the stomach and is active in both the Digestive and Immune systems. The endocrine tissues of the pancreas, create the Insulin hormone and secrete them in to the blood flow. The other key word in this essay is <i>glucose</i>. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">Glucose is one of the products of digestion which in the cell mitochondria is turned into energy. But in order for glucose to enter the cell, the detection of insulin by insulin receptors is necessary. In other words insulin is the key for glucose to enter a cell. <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSc47s4o2msnVxrv9DCYmkTCC8IXP75nle_xx5OXdoyYJGcl6w9k4kaJ_Y6oIuABIGsrPU5tQGMU8ecKH8U27_ljchbcUAa2F8nUUNfmfs6Um-rT_pf0wGwUUYIRN8I7T1IaH0TJQ1zV6J/s1600/insulin.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="304" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSc47s4o2msnVxrv9DCYmkTCC8IXP75nle_xx5OXdoyYJGcl6w9k4kaJ_Y6oIuABIGsrPU5tQGMU8ecKH8U27_ljchbcUAa2F8nUUNfmfs6Um-rT_pf0wGwUUYIRN8I7T1IaH0TJQ1zV6J/s320/insulin.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">Diabetes is divided into two groups: Diabetes type 1 and Diabetes type 2.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"> <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">Diabetes type 1 is the disorder in which the pancreas doesn't produce sufficient insulin. This means that less glucose particles will be let into cells and more will be left strolling in the blood flow. The symptoms leading from this disease include high blood sugar, fatigue, extreme thirst and urination and constant hunger. <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">In diabetes type 2, the pancreas creates enough insulin but they are ineffective and the body can't use them. The same symptoms for diabetes type 1 also apply for the second branch of the disease as well as a few more. For example, slow healing sores, frequent infections and darkened areas on the skin. <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">Diabetes type 2 is more common and also a larger death threat in comparison with type 1 diabetes. It is usually diagnosed in adults and has no cure; though can be prevented and managed. <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">The certain cause of diabetes has not yet been discovered but smoking, extra weight (as extra fat interferes with the body's use of insulin), insufficient exercise, genetics, low HDL levels and a bad diet are considered to be some of the triggers. Some races such as the African Americans and also the Native Americans are relatively more prone to diabetes. <o:p></o:p></div>science crazyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02765572300883014355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321125135165818036.post-81816785666984466392010-02-11T04:08:00.000-08:002010-05-15T04:12:24.853-07:00Black Holes<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpi5irD0i4WmWfE-KZ-ehR9QUWY7n7y2wLmV1sdv3dsicGntSz19lfqF5bkH9tJoo3xWXiHzYGpDZCCw_wmTySrFw-PFtI3-0LKDMSoZlboIlXn-e1jIqsuu3_FO-cmtO634Hxr2VcOtyB/s1600/black-hole.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpi5irD0i4WmWfE-KZ-ehR9QUWY7n7y2wLmV1sdv3dsicGntSz19lfqF5bkH9tJoo3xWXiHzYGpDZCCw_wmTySrFw-PFtI3-0LKDMSoZlboIlXn-e1jIqsuu3_FO-cmtO634Hxr2VcOtyB/s320/black-hole.jpg" width="240" /></a></div><meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type"></meta><meta content="Word.Document" name="ProgId"></meta><meta content="Microsoft Word 11" name="Generator"></meta><meta content="Microsoft Word 11" name="Originator"></meta><link href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CADMINI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml" rel="File-List"></link><style>
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</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">The name sounds really cool. Well, so are the facts about it. And for the same reason scientists such as Stephen Hawking have spent their whole lifetime researching and investigating its mysteries. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">Black Holes are made when super-giant stars (at least three times larger than our own Sun) explode. The fuel of stars is Hydrogen and through complicated combinations, the core creates it and uses it to fight against the gravity (which tries to squash the star). </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">A star lives for millions of years on average but at the end of its lifetime when it runs out of fuel, it won't have the strength to fight against the gravity anymore, so the gravity will compress the center of the star into a tiny ball. The speed of this action is so fast that it would have to happen a few thousand times to take up a single second. In reaction a <i>shock wave</i> is sent outwards from the core in every direction which causes a vast explosion. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">The release of energy till an hour after the explosion is so much that it could light up a whole galaxy. <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">But the reason we don't see a star in a supernova state commonly (like shooting stars etc.) is that stars live for billions of years and the visible state of supernova with a naked eye is only one hour. So the chances are one hour in a billion years or: 1 in 8,640,000,000,000.<o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">The density of the burning ball in the center of this supernova is so much that if only one spoon of it was dropped on the ground on Earth, it would go all the way down to the core. <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">Now, if the original star was large enough, it will become the core of a black hole, otherwise, it will just be a Neutron Star or Dwarf Star. <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">Now that we have learnt how black holes are formed, let's take a look at its structure. A good example to understand this concept is a kitchen sink. It has a round mouth on the top and a long neck attached to its end. In a black hole, the neck or whatever is inside is called a <i>singularity. </i>Although scientists can't see it, because light is only pulled in and there is no reflection. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">So it is a hypothesis. As expected, the gravity of the black hole will decrease as distance is gained from its core. The farthest point from the black hole core in which light can still be captured and pulled in, is called the <i>event horizon</i>.<o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><i>Quasar</i> is another cool thing related with Black Holes. The black hole absorbs all the surrounding gasses and this causes a massive creation of light which is said can be seen on the other side of the universe. <o:p></o:p></div>science crazyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02765572300883014355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321125135165818036.post-63280882691105303112010-01-29T04:01:00.000-08:002010-06-21T09:05:53.651-07:00What are worm holes?<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type"></meta><meta content="Word.Document" name="ProgId"></meta><meta content="Microsoft Word 11" name="Generator"></meta><meta content="Microsoft Word 11" name="Originator"></meta><link href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CADMINI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml" rel="File-List"></link><style>
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<o:p></o:p></b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.kahl.net/astro/graphics/wormhole.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="221" src="http://www.kahl.net/astro/graphics/wormhole.gif" width="320" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="color: black;">A wormhole is a pathway from one part of space and time to another location. You might think of it as a shortcut through space that saves you from having to travel the normal distance between two points. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="color: black;">A worm hole is a mathematical solution to Einstein's relativistic equation for gravity in which two parts of space-time may be joined together. Unlike black holes, they have no singularities at least in the “vacuum solution”, but certain rotating “Kerr-Nordstrom” black holes may serve the same worm hole-like function. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="color: black;">Many science fiction authors like to use them to allow spacecraft to travel quickly from place to place in our universe. But all of these ideas are based on 'pure math' descriptions of how they might work, and as you know, nature is often much messier than any idealistic, abstract rendering of it. There are no perfectly straight lines in the universe, and there are not likely to be wormholes either.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="color: black;"><i>Written by: Bahador Feyz-bakhsh</i></span><br />
<span style="color: black;"><span style="-moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; background: black none repeat scroll 0% 0%; border: 1pt none black; padding: 0cm;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>science crazyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02765572300883014355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321125135165818036.post-53585041870564078702010-01-17T04:31:00.000-08:002010-05-04T04:43:23.529-07:00The wonder of Stalactite and Stalagmite<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type"></meta><meta content="Word.Document" name="ProgId"></meta><meta content="Microsoft Word 11" name="Generator"></meta><meta content="Microsoft Word 11" name="Originator"></meta><link href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CADMINI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml" rel="File-List"></link><link href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CADMINI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_editdata.mso" rel="Edit-Time-Data"></link><style>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.hummingbirdminerals.com/469px-Stalactite__28PSF_29_svg.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="196" src="http://www.hummingbirdminerals.com/469px-Stalactite__28PSF_29_svg.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><o:p></o:p></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">Stalactite and stalagmite are two features found in a limestone cave. Stalactite is the cone shaped figure hanging from the roof of the cave and stalagmite is in a way a reflection of the stalactite, building its way towards the roof. <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">You've probably seen these in caves, but have you ever wondered how they are formed? Well, it all starts with a rain which has a slight acidic state; for example when the rain is mixed with the CO2 in the air, Carbonic Acid (H2CO3) is produced. <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">If this acidic rain comes into contact with the limestone, the acidic property will dissolve the stone in itself and start digging downwards until it has made a canal all the way through the thickness of the cave roof. This process might occur with one or several acidic rain falls; depending on the thickness of the roof and the acidic state of the rain. <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">The formula is: <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="height: 12px; left: 0px; margin-left: 299px; margin-top: 5px; position: absolute; width: 27px; z-index: 1;"></span>Calcium Carbonate (Limestone) or CaCO3 + H2CO3 = Calcium Hydrogen Carbonate<o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">Calcium Hydrogen Carbonate is a calcified liquid. Now, imagine a drop of this liquid on the very tip of the roof. Only a ring of this liquid will be solidified and concreted to the roof (later forming Stalactite) and the rest of that drop of liquid will be pulled towards the ground by gravity (later forming Stalagmite). <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFPFk_-C4vqsJ0SZT3lQDX7_RfejiOSOM97Z-C3Lk5rdOh7qAGeYnHRKZiji5PIQTFFNeg8xrjeUL9Eot-1gbNuikcZeTvlO3zYmC9CTGDZYfsc3Pct2fBnekypA2VkCj6T1LUxT2cD5DO/s1600/stalac.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFPFk_-C4vqsJ0SZT3lQDX7_RfejiOSOM97Z-C3Lk5rdOh7qAGeYnHRKZiji5PIQTFFNeg8xrjeUL9Eot-1gbNuikcZeTvlO3zYmC9CTGDZYfsc3Pct2fBnekypA2VkCj6T1LUxT2cD5DO/s320/stalac.gif" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">These drops will keep on coming down the route or canal and the same process will continue; meaning another ring will build up on the already existing one and so on. After many many years of rain and build up and solidification, the majestic figures of Stalagmite and Stalactite will take shape. <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">Though there is an important point hidden in the center of Stalactites. And that is the fact that the center of stalactites is hollow, because these figures are formed by the gathering of many rings of solidified calcium hydrogen carbonate. But, there comes a stage where a drop of the liquid comes rolling down the tunnel which the rings have formed and for some reason, a ring isn't formed and instead the whole drop solidifies, closing the tunnel. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">The following drops will come in through the tunnel, but will reach a dead end and will completely solidify. Till this stage, the figure (stalactite) is a rough cylinder. But when the hollow tunnel in the middle of the stalactite is filled, the following drops will drip to the sides. This is the reason that older stalactites are a fine coned shape. <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">Sometimes the stalactite and stalagmite will touch each other and join up, forming what is called a "column". <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"> <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">A precaution on your adventure in a cave with stalactites and stalagmites is not to touch the figure as the sweat on the palms which contains a slight fraction of lipids, can smother on to the features, change the route of the calcified droplets and overall the natural shape of the figure. <o:p></o:p></div>science crazyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02765572300883014355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321125135165818036.post-55285720927622577682010-01-04T04:28:00.000-08:002010-05-04T04:31:22.506-07:00The link between breast cancer and bras<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type"></meta><meta content="Word.Document" name="ProgId"></meta><meta content="Microsoft Word 11" name="Generator"></meta><meta content="Microsoft Word 11" name="Originator"></meta><link href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CADMINI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml" rel="File-List"></link><style>
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</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">A research by Sydney Ross Singer and his assistant, shows that constriction of the female glands for more than 12 hours a day, can lead to breast cancer in long term.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRl91PabBcELfkBfBaXXWzj5alsFhJfvq_9swhqWKiwKRtzkrG5c2oR2by6u3QIbJH5Q23wVwDFdmaWdFlNyGZhpcj6qP-qs2JSTHgdzRATHFPZTq0E5jkIWk_D_xzAtcZM1YgUC5vldo6/s1600/breast+cancer+logo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRl91PabBcELfkBfBaXXWzj5alsFhJfvq_9swhqWKiwKRtzkrG5c2oR2by6u3QIbJH5Q23wVwDFdmaWdFlNyGZhpcj6qP-qs2JSTHgdzRATHFPZTq0E5jkIWk_D_xzAtcZM1YgUC5vldo6/s320/breast+cancer+logo.jpg" /></a> </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"> <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">In this research which set 4,000 women under the spotlight – half with breast cancer and the other half without the disease – the two scientists came to several interesting results. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">1-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span><span dir="ltr">A woman who wears a bra for the whole day (24 hours) is 100 times more prone to the disease rather than a female who only wears the garment for 12 hours or less per day. Singer also showed that this link is even stronger than the effect of smoking on breast cancer. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span dir="ltr"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span dir="ltr"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">2-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span><span dir="ltr">A woman who never wears a bra is about 20 times less likely to be diagnosed with breast cancer in comparison with the general population. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">Singer's hypothesis about this link was that the side panels, underwires and other components of the clothing, block the drainage path of the immune system. This means that the toxins won't be completely cleansed; and the build up of toxins could in long term lead to breast cancer. <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">"Women need to realize that," Singer says "wearing bras is a cultural phenomenon and not a natural one." Singer's message to women is: "Wear bras as little as possible."<o:p></o:p></div>science crazyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02765572300883014355noreply@blogger.com0